中国式现代化进程中的县域教育:从城乡分割格局到城乡一体化均衡发展

County Education in the Process of the Chinese Path to Modernization:From Urban-rural Segmentation to a Balanced Development of Urban-rural Integration

县域教育在我国整个教育体系中占据极大分量,县域教育发展状况及其均衡程度影响着数亿农村子弟的教育获得和未来前程。伴随中国式现代化进程,我国县域教育经历了四个发展阶段:新中国成立最初三十年普及基础教育时期的重心下沉格局体系、改革开放初期二十年市场经济浪潮冲击时期的教育城乡分割、21世纪普及九年义务教育时期的教育城乡一体化、近十年教育城镇化大潮中的城乡教育基本均衡发展。我国县域教育发展历程体现了中国式教育现代化的探索之路,基于中国国情,突出中国特色,不断摸索县域教育发展模式,促进乡村教育建设,缩小县域城乡教育差距,确保数量庞大的农村子弟享有教育机会,并逐步分享越来越多的优质教育资源。当前,中国式现代化进程进入新的发展阶段,县域教育从城乡一体化的基本均衡走向优质均衡,为促进全体人民共同富裕的中国式现代化提供人才支撑和基础保障。

County education occupies a great weight in the entire education system in China,and the development of county education and its balance degree affect the education acquisition and prospects of hundreds of millions of rural children.Along with the process of the Chinese path to modernization,the development of China s county education has experienced four stages:the era of popularizing basic education for sinking the gravity center of the education system in the first 30 years of the founding of New China,the pattern of segmenting education into the urban and rural under the impact of market economy wave in the early 20 years of Reform and Opening up,the period for integrating the education between urban and rural areas during popularizing nine-year compulsory education in the new century,and the basic balanced development of urban and rural education under the impact of the educational urbanization tide in the past decade.The development process of China s county education reflects the educational exploration of the Chinese path to modernization,in which based on China s national conditions,highlighting Chinese characteristics,constantly exploring the development model of county education,promoting the construction of rural education,narrowing the gap between urban and rural education in the county,ensuring that a large number of rural children enjoy educational opportunities,and gradually sharing more and more high-quality educational resources.At present,the process of the Chinese path to modernization has entered a new stage of development,and county education has also moved from the basic balance of urban-rural integration to a high-quality balance which could provide talent support and a basic guarantee for the Chinese path to modernization that promotes the common prosperity of all people.