162例儿童预防接种发生不良反应情况分析

Analysis of adverse reactions in 162 children with prophylactic vaccination

目的:分析162例儿童预防接种发生不良反应情况。方法:选取2021年1-12月在该中心接种疫苗后发生不良反应的162例儿童进行横断面研究,分析其发生不良反应的类型、年龄、性别、季节、接种后发生时间及疫苗种类等资料。结果:162例发生不良反应儿童中,一般反应140例,占86.42%(140/162);异常反应19例,占11.73%(19/162);偶合反应3例,占1.85%(3/162)。年龄、性别分布中,男85例,女77例,男女比为1.1∶1;≤1岁儿童占比最高,为72.84%。时间分布方面,8月份占比最高,为20.37%,其次为7月份和9月份,均为13.58%。接种至发生时间≤1 d占比最高,为87.65%。主要疫苗种类为吸附无细胞百白破联合疫苗,占34.57%。结论:162例接种后发生不良反应儿童男女比为1.1∶1,且一般反应、≤1岁、发生在7~9月份、接种至发生时间≤1 d、吸附无细胞百白破联合疫苗占比较高。

Objective:To analyze adverse reactions in 162 children with prophylactic vaccination.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted on 162 children with adverse reactions to vaccination from January to December in 2021.The types of adverse reactions,age,sex,season,time after vaccination and vaccine types were analyzed.Results:Among the 162 children with adverse reactions after vaccination,140 cases had general reactions,accounting for 86.42%(140/162);19 cases(11.73%)had abnormal reactions;and there were 3 cases of coupling reaction,accounting for 1.85%(3/162).Among the 162 children with adverse reactions after vaccination,85 were male and 77 were female,with a sex ratio of 1.1 to 1;the proportion of children aged≤1 year is the highest,accounting for 72.84%.Among the 162 children with adverse reactions after vaccination,the cases occurred on August accounted for the highest proportion,accounting for 20.37%,followed by July and September,both accounting for 13.58%.Among the 162 cases of adverse reactions after vaccination,the time from vaccination to occurrence of≤1 day was the most,accounting for 87.65%.Further,among the 162 cases of adverse reactions after vaccination,the main type of vaccine was the Diphtheria,Tetanus and acellular Pertussis combined vaccine,adsorbed,accounting for 34.57%.Conclusions:The sex ratio of the 162 children with adverse reactions after vaccination is 1.1:1,and the proportions of general reactions,children≤1 year old,occurrence in July to September,and occurrence≤1 day after vaccination,and Diphtheria,Tetanus and acellular Pertussis combined vaccine,adsorbed are relatively high.