国际发展视域下的第三方市场合作——基于马普托大桥项目发展成效的分析

Third-Party Market Cooperation from the Perspective of International Development:An Analysis Based on the Development Effectiveness of Maputo Bridge Project

自二战结束以来,国际发展范式沿着“南—北”关系的平等协商和“国家—市场”关系的平衡共进两条轨迹持续变迁,中国提出的第三方市场合作是其生动体现。本文结合理念流变中的“发展有效性”知识图谱和语境转换中的特色融入,建立了一个第三方市场合作发展成效评估框架。该框架从结果取向、道义取向和能力取向出发建构了本体性成效、环绕性成效和溢出性成效三项评估指标。通过对第三方市场合作的代表性成果马普托大桥项目的案例分析可以发现,其在这三项发展成效方面均有不俗的表现,但因过路费问题和居民安置问题所引发的争议也构成了潜在的痛点。从可持续发展的角度看,第三方市场合作应从关注发展成效转向关注长效发展。基于生命周期视角推广和发展可持续性基础设施或将成为可行的方向,而“以人为本的公私合作伙伴关系”模式也将成为可行的实施路径。第三方市场合作与国际发展的相遇契合了人类命运共同体的价值追求。

Since the end of the Second World War,the paradigm shift of international development has continued to deepen along the equal consultation of “North-South”relations and the balance of “state-market”relations,China’s proposal of third-party market cooperation is a vivid case.This article established a framework for evaluating the development effectiveness of third-party market cooperation by combining the knowledge map of “development effectiveness”in concept evolution and the feature integration in context transformation.The framework is consist of three evaluation indicators of ontological effectiveness,surrounding effectiveness and spillover effectiveness from the perspectives of result orientation,moral orientation and capability orientation.Through the case study of Maputo Bridge project,which is a representative of thirdparty market cooperation,the article finds that it has performed well on all three aspects of development effectiveness.However,the disputes caused by tolls and resettlement also constitute potential pain points.From the perspective of sustainable development,third-party market cooperation should shift from focusing on development effectiveness to long-term development.Promoting sustainable infrastructure based on the life cycle might be a feasible direction,and“People-First Public-Private Partnerships”model will also be a feasible implementation path.