成瘾记忆提取的心理加工及其神经环路基础

Psychological Processing of Addictive Memory Retrieval and its Neural Circuit

成瘾性药物与用药时的相关线索或环境反复匹配形成病理性的成瘾记忆,是成瘾行为长期存在的基础之一。记忆提取是内部或外部线索诱导的记忆印迹表达的过程。成瘾记忆的提取一方面可以诱发复吸,另一方面也可以诱发再巩固过程,为修饰甚至抹除成瘾记忆提供可能,此外多次提取还可能导致成瘾行为的消退,因此理解成瘾记忆提取的过程及其机制非常重要。本文主要从心理加工的角度,阐述成瘾记忆提取的三个阶段:注意选择、痕迹激活以及策略性加工,探讨线索环境诱发的成瘾记忆提取的神经环路基础,并试图提出可深入的研究展望。

Addictive drugs and drug-related cues or repeated matching environment to form a pathological addiction memory,is one of the foundations of long-standing addiction.Memory retrieval is a process of memory imprinting expression induced by internal or external cues.On the one hand,the retrieval of addictive memory can induce relapse,on the other hand,it can also induce reconsolidation process,which provides the possibility to modify or even erase addictive memory.In addition,multiple retrievals may also lead to the extinction of addictive behavior.Therefore,it is very important to understand the process and mechanism of addiction memory retrieval.This paper expounds the three stages of addictive memory retrieval from the perspective of psychological processing:attention selection,trace activation and strategic processing,discusses the neural circuit basis of addictive memory retrieval induced by cue environment,and tries to put forward the prospect of further research.