湖州地区儿童过敏原检测分析和临床意义

目的 通过对湖州地区过敏性疾病的患儿过敏原总IgE、特异性IgE和食物IgG4抗体联合检测,分析其分布情况和发展规律,为本地区儿童过敏性疾病诊断和治疗提供参考.方法 采用胶体金法检测2,678例0~6岁儿童过敏原总IgE,同时采用免疫印迹法检测特异性IgE和食物IgG4抗体.结果 完成过敏原检测的2,678例儿童中,总IgE抗体阳性率为51.60%,特异性IgE抗体阳性率为42.46%,吸入性过敏原SIgE阳性率为31.13%,以户尘螨为主;食物性过敏原SIgE阳性率为57.87%,其中鸡蛋白和牛奶占32.48%.随着年龄的增长和活动范围的扩大以总IgE和吸入性过敏原阳性率逐渐增加,而食入性过敏原阳性率逐渐降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).食物IgG4抗体的阳性率为38.50%,其中以鸡蛋和牛奶为主.结论 吸入性和食入性过敏原是导致儿童过敏性疾病的重要因素,通过对血总IgE、特异性IgE和食物IgG4抗体联合检测,更好了解患儿的过敏状况,对防治儿童过敏性疾病提供参考.

Objective To investigate the distribution and development rules through the combined detection of total allergen IgE,specific IgE and food IgG4 antibodies in children with allergic diseases in Huzhou area,and to provide reference for the diagnosis and treatment of allergic diseases in children in this area.Methods The total allergen IgE was detected by colloidal gold method in 2678 children aged 0~6 years,and the specific IgE and food IgG4 antibodies were detected by western blot.Results Among 2678 children who completed allergen testing,the total IgE antibody positive rate was 51.60%,the specific IgE antibody positive rate was 42.46%,and the inhalation allergen SIgE positive rate was 31.13%,mainly in the house dust mites.The positive rate of food allergen SIgE was 57.87%,of which chicken protein and milk accounted for 32.48%.The positive rates of total IgE and inhalation allergens gradually increased with the increase of age and the expansion of the range of activities,while the positive rates of food allergens gradually decreased.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The positive rate of food IgG4 antibody was 38.50%,mainly in eggs and milk.Conclusion Inhalation and ingestion allergens are important factors leading to allergic diseases in children.Through the combined detection of total blood IgE,specific IgE and food IgG4 antibodies,we can better understand the allergic condition of children and provide reference for the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases in children.