乳腺癌异质性与超声造影相关性的研究进展及临床意义

Research progress and clinical significance of the correlation between breast cancer heterogeneity and contrast-enhanced ultrasound

乳腺癌是一种起源于遗传基础的高度异质性肿瘤,在形态学、免疫表型和治疗反应等方面存在明显差异,这种差异对乳腺癌的治疗提出了极大的挑战。因此,了解肿瘤细胞内不同分子生物状态和表达的多样性对乳腺癌获得良好的治疗效果至关重要。超声造影(CEUS)作为一种非侵入性的实时诊断技术,在乳腺肿瘤的检查中得到了普遍应用。目前,国内外许多文献报道了乳腺癌相关分子生物学指标与CEUS的特性有一定的相关性,有望通过无创、便捷的超声检查为术前治疗提供参考依据。超声造影剂联合超声可介导乳腺癌的药物治疗,使药物的定点递送和靶向调节成为可能,从而提升了化疗药物的效率。本文就乳腺癌相关分子标志物与CEUS的相关性及超声造影剂在乳腺癌靶向治疗方面应用的研究现状及进展进行综述。

Breast cancer is a highly heterogeneous tumor originating from genetic basis,with significant differences in morphology,immunophenotype and therapeutic response,which poses great challenges to the treatment of breast cancer patients.Therefore,it is very important to understand the diversity of different molecular biological states and expressions in tumor cells to obtain good therapeutic effects for breast cancer.Contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)is widely used as a non-invasive real-time diagnostic technique for breast tumors.At present,many domestic and foreign literatures have reported that there is a certain correlation between molecular biological indicators related to breast cancer and the characteristics of CEUS,which is expected to provide a reference for preoperative treatment through non-invasive and convenient ultrasound examination.The combination of ultrasound contrast agent and ultrasound can mediate the drug therapy of breast cancer,which makes the targeted delivery and targeted regulation of drugs possible,thus improving the efficiency of chemotherapy drugs.In this review,we reviewed the relationship between molecular markers related to breast cancer and CEUS and the application of ultrasound contrast agents in targeted therapy of breast cancer.