新疆3种软紫草资源现状调查与分析

Investigation and Analysis of Three Species of Arnebia Resource Situation in Xinjiang

采取走访与现地样方调查相结合对新疆38县市的新疆3种软紫草野生资源进行调查,利用中国测绘科学研究院研发的《中药材生物资源区划分析系统》完成新疆地区新疆紫草、黄花软紫草、硬萼软紫草药材区划分析。调查结果显示3种软紫草资源现状存在明显不同,3种紫草中新疆紫草分布最广、蕴藏量最大,主要分布在草地、草甸,为市售软紫草的主要来源;黄花软紫草蕴藏量较新疆紫草小,主要分布在砾石质戈壁、山坡;硬萼软紫草蕴藏量最小,分布区也较狭窄。市场调查表明,近年来新疆紫草供不应求现象日趋明显。本次调查基本摸清了3种软紫草植物野生分布区基本状况,对紫草资源的开发、利用和保护现状有所了解,可为紫草资源合理利用、保护提供依据及决策基础。

In this study,the wild resources of three species of Arnebia in 38 counties and cities of Xinjiang were investigated by the combination of visit and field survey,and the estimation method of line sample method,vegetation,soil type and area.The division and analysis system of biological resources of traditional Chinese medicine which developed by the Chinese Academy of Surveying and mapping is used to complete the division and analysis of Arnebia.euchroma(Royle)Johnst,Arnebia guttata Bunge and Arnebia decumbens(Vent.)Coss.et Kral.The survey found that there are obvious differences among the three species of Arnebia resources.Among the three species of Arnebia,A.euchroma is the most widely distributed and has the largest reserves and mainly distributed in grassland and meadow.It is also the main source of Arnebia on the market.The reserve of A.guttata Bunge is smaller than A.euchroma which is mainly distributed in Gravel Gobi and hillside.The reserve of A.decumbens is the smallest and the distribution area is narrow.The market survey showed that there is an obvious contradiction between supply and demand of A.euchroma in recent years.The investigation basically found out the basic situation of the wild distribution area of three species of Arnebia,and understood the current situation of the development,utilization and protection of Arnebia resources,which can provide policy decision basis for the rational utilization and protection of Arnebia resources.