等离子喷涂制备典型涂层研究进展

Research Progress of Typical Coatings Prepared by Plasma Spraying

从航空航天到交通运输、电子设备和医疗器械等,大大小小的行业中均可见到涂层的应用,涉及到这些领域的涂层种类主要有耐磨、耐蚀涂层、热障涂层、压电陶瓷涂层和生物陶瓷涂层等。等离子喷涂技术具有喷涂材料范围广、工艺简单等优点,是制备上述典型涂层的常用工艺方法。虽然同种工艺可制备出不同种类涂层,但由于所选的喷涂材料、喷涂参数不同,所获得的涂层性能和涂层结构之间也存在着一定差异,须对等离子喷涂各类涂层的研究进行分析与总结。基于此,文中简要介绍了国内外等离子喷涂涂层的应用现状,之后从不同种类涂层功能需求和技术特点出发,分析喷涂工艺对涂层结构和性能的影响。最后对提升涂层性能的工艺方法进行总结,并对今后等离子喷涂涂层技术的发展趋势进行了展望。

Applications of coatings can be found in industries large and small,from aerospace to transportation to electronic equipment and medical devices.The types of the coatings involved in these fields can be mainly divided into wear and corrosion resistance coatings,thermal barrier coatings,piezoelectric ceramic coatings and bioceramics coatings.Plasma spraying is a common process for these typical coatings with the advantages of wide spray material range and simple process.Although the same process can produce different kinds of the coatings,there are some differences among different coatings in the properties and structures of the coating-because of the different spraying materials and spraying process parameters.It is necessary to analyze and summarize the research of various kinds of plasma spraying coatings.Therefore,the application status of the plasma spraying coatings at home and abroad is briefly introduced,as well as the effect of spraying process on the structure and performance of the coating is analyzed from the functional requirements and technical characteristics of different kinds of the coatings in this paper.Finally,the technological methods to improve the coating performance are summarized,and the development trend of the plasma spraying coating technology in the future is prospected.