代客加电服务模式下的电动车充电站选址决策

Decisions of Electric Car Charging Stations Location with Valet Charging Service

代客加电服务是电动汽车市场出现的一种新的服务模式,公司可通过该服务向远离充电站以及不愿意自主加电的用户派出专员为其电动车加电。这种服务模式可以有效缓解由于电动汽车充电需求频繁导致的用户旅程焦虑。为探讨该服务模式对充电站选址规划的影响,对该模式下的充电站选址问题进行了研究。由于用户的需求具有不确定性,难以通过历史数据进行准确估计,所以建立了引入需求分布模糊集的两阶段随机规划模型。考虑到模型具有较高的计算复杂度,提出了一种基于抽样平均近似的混合切L形算法对模型进行求解。最后,通过比较不同情境下代客加电服务模式对充电站选址的影响,发现该服务模式更适用于需求在某些区域稀疏分布或者建设成本在某些区域较高的情境。

As a new charging service,the valet charging service mode is emerging in the market for electric vehicles. Through this service,a company sends staff to charge electric cars for users who are far away from charging stations or unwilling to charge electric vehicles themselves. The valet charging service can alleviate users’ travel anxiety arose by the high charging frequency of electric vehicles. To investigate this influence of this service on the location of charging stations,a electric vehicle charging stations location problem with the valet charging service was studied. As the demand is uncertain and the probability distribution is difficult to estimate accurately based on the historical data,a two-stage stochastic programming model was constructed and a demand distribution ambiguity set was incorporated into the model. Considering the high computational complexity of the model,a SAA-based hybrid-cut L-shaped algorithm was proposed to solve this model. By comparing the deployment of charging stations with and without the valet charging service under different scenarios,the results show that this service is more suitable when demands are sparsely distributed in some areas or construction cost is high in some area.