正念减压疗法与有氧运动治疗海洛因成瘾者社交焦虑的随机对照试验

Mindfulness decompression therapy and aerobic treatment of heroin addicts with social anxiety:a randomized controlled trial

目的探讨正念减压疗法与有氧运动对海洛因成瘾者社交焦虑的改善效果。方法根据社交焦虑症(social anxiety disorder,SAD)严重程度将75名男性海洛因依赖者分为正念组(25人)、有氧组(25人)和对照组(25人);正念组和有氧组的受试者分别接受为期8周的正念减压训练和有氧训练;采用LSAS和VAS分别评估海洛因戒断者的社交焦虑程度和线索诱导渴求程度;采用混合效应方差分析和皮尔逊相关性分析对获得的数据进行分析处理。结果8周干预后,正念组和有氧组的社交焦虑和线索诱导渴求程度均降低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01),但正念组与有氧组的改善效果无统计学差异(P<0.01);同时,LSAS与VAS分值呈现正相关关系(r=0.508,P<0.001)。结论正念减压疗法和有氧运动都可以作为一种辅助治疗手段有效改善海洛因戒断者的社交焦虑。

Objective To investigate the effect of mindfulness-based stress reduction(MBSR)and aerobic exercise on the improvement of social anxiety in heroin addicts.Methods Seventy-five male heroin-dependent individuals were divided into an MBSR group(n=25),an aerobic group(n=25),and a control group(n=25)according to the severity of their social anxiety disorder(SAD).Subjects in the MBSR and aerobic groups received 8 weeks of orthostatic stress reduction training and aerobic training,respectively.The Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale(LSAS)and VAS were conducted to assess the level of social anxiety and the level of cue-induced craving in heroin withdrawal subjects,respectively.The data obtained were analyzed and processed using mixed-effects ANOVA and Pearson correlation analysis.Results After 8 weeks of intervention,social anxiety and cue-elicitation craving levels showed a statistically significant difference between the MBSR and aerobic groups(P<0.01),but there was no statistically significant difference in the improvement effect between the MBSR and aerobic groups(P>0.01).Meanwhile,LSAS showed a positive correlation with VAS scores(r=0.508,P<0.001).Conclusion Both MBSR and aerobic exercise can be used as an auxiliary treatment to effectively improve social anxiety in heroin withdrawal patients.