基于符号互动论的人工智能价值分析方式

Artificial Intelligence Value Analysis Methods Based on Symbolic Interactionism

不同社会阶层和群体对人工智能的态度和价值判断大相径庭,而这种价值判断以及价值判断的来源缺少有效的分析。基于符号互动论,人工智能存在“社会符号”与“互动个体”两种形态、“利益”与“伤害”两种价值。以两种形态与两种价值对人工智能的价值形成进行分析,可得出不同个体或群体对人工智能的价值判断以及价值判断的来源。该分析方法聚焦于个体或群体对人工智能的态度和感知的形成机制,能够帮助理解人工智能伦理问题的成因,从而为人工智能设计、决策及治理提供一种微观新思路。

Different socioeconomic classes and groups have widely divergent attitudes towards and value judgments on artificial intelligence(AI), but there is a lack of reliable studies on these value judgments and their roots. Based on symbolic interactionism, it is found in this paper that AI contains such two forms as “social symbol” and “interactive individual”, and such two values as “benefit” and “harm”. By analyzing the value formation of AI from such two forms and two values, this paper found out the value judgments by different individuals or groups on AI and the sources of the value judgments. This method of analysis focuses on the formation mechanisms that shape an individual’s or a group’s attitudes towards and perception of AI, which can provide assistance in understanding the causes of ethical issues in AI and provide a new micro-mindset for the design, decision-making and governance of artificial intelligence.