社会组织驱动的基层治理创新:案例观察与模式比较

Grassroots Governance Innovation Driven by Social Organizations:Case Study and Model Comparison

既有研究主要讨论了以政府为主体的基层治理创新,对以社会组织为主体的社会驱动型创新缺乏具体考察,也没有对两种创新进行系统比较。基于理论分析,本文提炼了研发-合作、研发-辅助、复制-辅助和复制-合作四种创新类型,并通过四个案例呈现了创新过程。与政府驱动型创新相比,社会驱动型创新包括生存竞争、关系网络、价值规范和权力强制四种发生机制,具有风险约束弱、灵活性高和持续性强等优势。但实践中社会组织的比较优势并未有效转化为创新优势,面临着资格不确定和参与过程复杂等带来的挑战。与制度创新和机制创新相比,内容创新的难度与复杂性更低,这种特征使其成为社会驱动型创新和政府驱动型创新共同关注的领域。未来需要进一步增强社会组织参与基层治理的自主性。

Existing studies mainly discussed e grassroots governance innovation with the government as the main body but paid little attention to social-organization-driven innovation.There is no systematic comparison between the two innovations.Based on theoretical analysis,this paper refines four types of social-organization-driven innovation,including Research-Assist,Research-Cooperation,Copy-Assist and Copy-Cooperation,and shows the innovation process through four cases.Compared with government-driven innovation,the generation mechanism of social-organization-driven innovation includes survival competition,relationship network,value norm and power compulsion,which has comparative advantages such as weak risk constraint,high flexibility and strong sustainability.However,the organizational advantages of social organization have not been effectively transformed into the advantages of innovation.Those organizations are faced with limitations such as uncertain qualifications and a complicated participation process.Compared with institutional innovation and mechanism innovation,content innovation requires lower difficulty and complexity,which makes it the shared focus of both social-organization-driven and government-driven innovation.In the future,it is necessary to further enhance the autonomy of social organizations to participate in grassroots governance.