科学探究过程的计算机模拟测试:趋势进展与实践启示

Assessing Scientific Inquiry Process with Computer Simulation:Trend and Practical Implications

科学探究对于培养学生的创新精神和实践能力具有重要意义,改进科学探究能力的评价方法也是科学教育课程改革的必然要求。在智能时代科学探究能力评价改革可采用新的方法和手段。本文从科学探究能力评价方法演进的角度讨论使用计算机模拟测试方法的必然性,借鉴国际前沿成果总结了智能时代背景下科学探究能力评价的三个理论趋势与实践进展:①利用真实情境和动态仿真系统构建全面的概念评价框架;②挖掘隐含的科学探究过程信息和规律构建教育教学模型;③构建与课程、教学和学习深度融合的新型评价生态系统。鉴于当前我国对利用现代信息技术创新评价工具的现实需求,文章进一步阐述了构建计算机模拟测试工具的思路,并讨论了着力改进课堂评价与科学学科国家义务教育质量监测的途径。展望未来,这种新型的“信息技术+科学探究能力评价”必将带来评价生态系统和科学探究教学的改变,有效解决长期以来科学探究能力评价与课程和教学相脱离的问题,切实促进课程、教学和评价“三位一体”发展,推动教育教学改革取得成效。

Scientific inquiry is of great importance to foster the innovative spirit and practical skills of the students. Improving the assessment method of scientific inquiry ability is also an inevitable prerequisite for the reform of the science curriculum. The age of intelligence offers new methods and means of reforming the methods of assessing scientific inquiry ability. This paper discusses the inevitability of using computer simulation testing methods from the perspective of the development of the assessment methods of scientific inquiry ability, draws lessons from international excellence, and summarizes three theoretical trends and practical advances of assessment of scientific inquiry ability against the background of the intelligent era: 1) building a comprehensive conceptual assessment framework using real scenarios and a dynamic simulation system;2) unearth the hidden information and laws of the scientific inquiry process and construct the educational and teaching model;3) build a new assessment ecosystem that is deeply integrated into the curriculum, teaching and learning. In view of the current practical needs for innovating assessment tools using modern information technology in our country, this paper further explains the idea of constructing computer simulation testing tools and discusses the ways of improving classroom assessment and quality monitoring of national compulsory science education. Looking forward to the future, this new“information technology + scientific inquiry ability assessment” will bring changes to the assessment ecosystem and scientific inquiry teaching, effectively solve the problem of separation between scientific inquiry ability assessment and curriculum and teaching for a long time, and effectively promote the rapid development of curriculum, teaching and assessment and the efficiency of education and teaching reform.