从扶正解毒理论探讨中医药防治结直肠癌

TCM prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer based on the theory of reinforcing healthy qi and resolving toxins

结直肠癌(CRC)是全球第三大常见恶性肿瘤。基于扶正解毒理论的中医药防治CRC有独特优势。中医药防治肿瘤及其复发转移的关键是提升患者正气,扶正不仅局限于提升患者的免疫系统防御能力,也与改善患者体内或者肠道内的内环境稳态,防止基因突变或提升抑癌基因相关,甚至与抑制肿瘤血管新生、调控肿瘤细胞自噬等机制相关。中医药解毒的机制可能在于改变肠道内部环境,降低炎症引起的氧化应激,防止炎症及氧化应激诱导的DNA突变,抑制肠癌细胞增殖以及促进肠癌细胞凋亡等。基于扶正解毒理论的中医药防治,在防治慢性肠炎癌变、减轻放化疗不良反应、防止CRC复发和转移方面,均有明确疗效。

Colorectal Cancer(CRC) is the third most common type of cancer in the world. Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM), based on its theory of reinforcing healthy qi and resolving toxins, has unique advantages in preventing and treating CRC. The key to the prevention and treatment of cancer and its recurrence and metastasis is to strengthen the healthy qi of the patients. This is not only to improve the immune defense, but also to ameliorate the gut microbiota, prevent gene mutation and enhance expression of cancer suppressor genes. It can be even connected with inhibition of tumor angiogenesis, regulation of autophagy of tumor cells and so on. The mechanism of toxins removal of TCM may lie in the improvement of the intestinal environment, reduction of oxidative stress caused by inflammation, prevention of gene mutation induced by inflammation and oxidative stress, inhibition of the proliferation of colorectal cancer cells, and boosting of their apoptosis. Prevention and treatment by TCM based on the theory of reinforcing healthy qi and resolving toxins have been proven to be effective for preventing the canceration of chronic enteritis, reducing the adverse reactions of radiotherapy or chemotherapy, preventing the recurrence and metastasis of CRC and so on.