基于数据挖掘分析名老中医治疗胸痹心痛的用药规律

Analysis on the herbal administration regularities in the treatment of chest impediment and heart pain by prestigious TCM doctors based on data mining

目的 分析名老中医治疗胸痹心痛的用药规律。方法 以西医病名为“冠心病”、主诉包含“心痛”“胸痛”作为检索条件,在名老中医传承平台中进行检索,时间范围从建库之日起至2022年2月,通过数据挖掘软件进行频次统计分析、关联规则分析、系统聚类分析和复杂网络分析。结果 共检索到符合标准的604首处方,涉及6种中医证候,心血瘀阻证最多见。涉及285味中药,出现频次较高的前6味中药依次为丹参、黄芪、当归、枳壳、白术、川芎。中药药性主要为温性、寒性,药味主要为苦味、辛味、甘味。中药归经出现频次较多的有肝经、肺经、脾经。中药功效分析结果显示,补虚药出现频次最多。应用关联规则分析,支持度排名靠前的药对包括“黄芪—丹参”“枳壳—丹参”“白术—丹参”。对频次>30的高频药物进行聚类分析,共得到3类聚类组合。复杂网络分析结果显示,丹参、黄芪、川芎、当归、白术、枳壳为网络的核心节点。结论 名老中医治疗胸痹心痛以益气活血化瘀为主、化痰通痹止痛为辅。

Objective To analyze the herbal medication regularities of prestigious traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) doctors in treating chest impediment and heart pain.Methods With the disease “coronary heart disease” in Western medical terms, and the chief complaints including “cardiodynia” and “chest pain” as the keywords, the search was carried out in Prestigious TCM Doctors Inheritance Platform. The time range was from the date of establishment of the database to February 2022. The frequency statistical analysis, association analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis and complex network analysis were conducted with data mining software.Results A total of 604 prescriptions meeting the standard were retrieved, involving 6 TCM patterns, with the most common one being heart blood stasis obstruction. 285 herbal ingredients are involved. The first 6 ones with the highest frequency are Danshen(Radix et Rhizoma Salviae Miltiorrhizae), Huangqi(Radix Astragali), Danggui(Radix Angelicae Senensis), Zhiqiao(Fructus Aurantii), Baizhu(Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae), and Chuanxiong(Rhizoma Chuanxiong). The medicinals are mainly warm and cold in terms of their properties, and the flavors are mainly bitter, acrid and sweet. The most frequently seen meridians entered by the herbs are the liver meridian, the lung meridian and the spleen meridian. As for their functions, the most frequently used are deficiency-supplementing drugs. Association analysis reveals that the drug pairs with the highest support include “Huangqi-Danshen”, “Zhiqiao-Danshen”, and “Baizhu-Danshen”. Cluster analysis was conducted for medicinals with frequency > 30, and three cluster combinations were obtained. The result of the complex network analysis showed that Danshen, Huangqi, Chuanxiong, Danggui, Baizhu, and Zhiqiao were the core nodes.Conclusion The treatment of chest impediment and heart pain by the prestigious TCM doctors focuses primarily on boosting qi, invigorating blood and dissolving stasis, supplemented by removing phlegm, diffusing impediment and relieving pain.