厌氧消化过程化学变化的教学研究

Teaching Research of Chemical Changes During Anaerobic Digestion

有氧和无氧分解是生物体代谢有机物的2种途径,前者一直是生物化学课程中物质代谢的教学核心和重点。厌氧消化是有机物经无氧分解生成甲烷和二氧化碳的途径,相比于有氧分解,其具有化学反应众多、中间产物多、途径复杂等特点,同时对维护自然生态平衡、物质循环和人类社会的绿色健康发展等具有重要作用。如此重要的途径长期以来一直没有在生物化学教材与教学内容中体现,亟需进行教学改革。利用布鲁姆教学目标分类理论将厌氧消化过程中的主要反应、氧化还原过程及电子传递、热力学变化及串联反应等知识进行系统介绍,对物质代谢的另一条无氧路径进行补充,丰富了学生代谢网络的知识框架,完善了生物化学教学体系,相关教学内容和经验可供同行参考借鉴,对相关课程教学改革具有重要价值。

Aerobic and anaerobic metabolism are two ways for organisms to utilize organics,and the former has been the core of organic metabolism in the biochemistry course.Compared with aerobic metabolism,anaerobic digestion possesses many chemical reactions,intermediates and complex pathways and plays an important role in maintaining ecological balance and sustainable development of human society.Such an important pathway has not been involved in biochemistry textbooks and teaching contents previously,causing an urgent need for teaching reform.In order to supplement another pathway of metabolism,the author systematically introduced the main reactions in anaerobic digestion,redox processes with electron transfer,and thermodynamic changes using the Bloom’s educational goal classification theory,which enriched the knowledge of metabolic network for students and upgraded the teaching system of biochemistry courses.The teaching contents and experiences could provide a valuable reference for the university teachers to carry out the teaching reform of related courses.