外国法的证明与适用——基于45份民事判决书的分析

Proof and Application of Foreign Law——Based on the Analysis of 45 Civil Judgments

外国法的证明与适用是法院审理涉外案件中的重要一环。中国对外国法的证明采取的是争议比较大的“二分法”模式,即在不同情况下分别由当事人和法院对外国法的内容承担证明义务,对于此模式的运用,实践中也存在很多问题。为解决外国法的证明问题,首先应确定外国法的性质。在对比其他国家对外国法所采取的主要态度与做法后,认为外国法具有的是介于法律与事实的中间性质,中国采取的也是偏向于折中说之态度。在此基础上,“二分法”的证明模式具有存在的必要性与可行性。同时,针对实践中存在的问题,提出完善“二分法”的外国法证明方式与明确中国法与外国法适用关系的建议。

The proof and application of foreign law is an important part of the court’s trial of foreign-related cases.China adopts a more controversial “dichotomy” model for the certification of foreign law,that is,the parties and the court bear the obligation to prove the content of foreign law under different circumstances.In order to solve the problem of proof of foreign law,the nature of foreign law should be determined first.After comparing the main attitudes and practices adopted by other countries towards foreign law,it is believed that foreign law has an intermediate nature between law and fact,and China also adopts an attitude of eclecticism.On this basis,the proof mode of “dichotomy” is necessary and feasible.At the same time,in view of the problems in practice,this paper puts forward suggestions to improve the “dichotomy” method of proving foreign law and clarify the application relationship between Chinese law and foreign law.