中国光伏产业国际合作现状和趋势研究

Research on Current Situation and Trend of China’s International Cooperation in Photovoltaic Industry

近年来全球光伏行业受到新冠疫情延宕、材料成本上涨等内外部挑战,产业需求没有得到充分释放。但尽管如此,各国大力推进能源转型,为光伏产业发展提供了广阔的市场空间。全球光伏产业总体上保持快速发展,近十年间的光伏发电成本持续下降,光伏市场呈现多个地区齐头并进的发展态势。作为2021年全球最大光伏市场,中国的光伏国际合作前景广阔,境外光伏项目建设呈现多样化趋势,开发力度不断提升,光伏企业海外投资和产能布局力度增加,对外贸易量持续扩大。2021年,中国光伏组件已实现进口替代,光伏产品在国际市场中的竞争优势逐渐扩大,出口规模也呈稳步扩增态势,光伏企业的国际竞争优势明显。鉴于当下复杂多变的国际环境,中国企业仍要进一步加强自身能力建设,不断提升国际竞争力,根据国际市场特点和需要,采取更加灵活和多元化的项目合作策略。同时要加快产业链向属地化转移,规避政策风险,促进当地就业和技术提升,推动光伏国际合作走深走实。

In recent years,the global photovoltaic industry has faced internal and external challenges such as the delay of the COVID-19 pandemic and the rising cost of materials,and the industrial demand has not been fully released.In spite of this,all countries have vigorously promoted energy transformation,providing a broad market space for the development of the photovoltaic industry.The global photovoltaic industry has maintained rapid development on the whole.The cost of photovoltaic power generation has continued to decline in the past decade,and the photovoltaic market has presented a coordinated development of many regions.As the world’s largest PV market in 2021,China has broad prospects for international PV cooperation.The construction of overseas PV projects shows a trend of diversification,the development efforts are constantly improved,the overseas investment and capacity layout of PV enterprises are strengthened,and the foreign trade volume continues to expand.In 2021,China realized import substitution of photovoltaic modules,the competitive advantage of photovoltaic products in the international market was gradually expanding,the scale of export was also steadily expanding,and the international competitive advantage of photovoltaic enterprises was obvious.Given the complex and changing international environment,Chinese enterprises need to further strengthen their capacity building,enhance their international competitiveness,and adopt more flexible and diversified project cooperation strategies according to the characteristics and needs of the international market.At the same time,the localization of industrial chain should be speeded up to avoid policy risks,the local employment and technology upgrading should be promoted,and the deeper international cooperation in PV industry should be promoted.