郭沫若《十批判书》的同时代反响

The Contemporaneous Reverberations of Guo Moruo's Shi Pipan Shu

郭沫若《十批判书》曾引起学界的广泛关注。郭氏对该书的自我期许甚高,中国共产党党报党刊也积极宣传郭著,扩大影响。但阵营内外的读者却多持批评、质疑的态度,主要与他们对郭氏“褒孔贬墨”观点作泛政治化的解读有关。郭氏与同道的学术纷争聚焦于西周社会性质和孔墨思想的阶级属性,他的学说在同道中属于少数派,几乎受到普遍非难;阵营外的读者或误解郭著的写作意图,或批评他出奇制胜,实证不足,亦多不接受郭的观点。长期以来学界对《十批判书》的评论存在分歧,反映了中国马克思主义史学史研究存在若干认识偏差,不利于推进该领域研究的深入展开。

Since its publication,Guo Moruo's Shi Pipan Shu(Ten Critiques)had attracted so much attention among scholars that the author himself had high expectations for it.The newspapers and journals of CPC also actively promoted this work to expand its influence.However,readers were often more critical and questioning of this book,mainly because of their pan-political interpretation of Guo's views of"praising Confucianism and derogating Mohism".The academic disputes between Guo and his colleagues were focused on the social nature of the Western Zhou dynasty and on the class standing of Confucianism and Mohism.Guo was a minority among his peers who almost universally questioned his views.Readers outside the camp either failed to understand his writing intentions or criticized him for making assertions yet without sufficient evidence to back up.Most of them often disagreed with his views.The long-existing differences in commenting of Shi Pipan Shu in scholarly communities are derived from some cognitive biases in the study of Marxist historiography,which is not conducive to promoting the in-depth research in this field.