中国马铃薯种植区域比较优势及其影响因素分析

Comparative Advantage of Potato Planting Areas in China and Its Influencing Factors

运用综合比较优势指数法对中国马铃薯种植区域比较优势进行测算,并利用2011~2018年中国省域面板数据对其影响因素进行回归分析。结果表明:我国马铃薯主产省份的效率比较优势指数均大于0.5,多数省份的规模比较优势在波动中提升,但2015年以后都有所下降;青海、甘肃等地区综合比较优势指数均大于1;生产投入和农业科技对三种比较优势具有显著的正向影响,种植条件仅正向影响显著规模比较优势和综合比较优势,经济水平仅正向显著影响规模比较优势,而种植规模是一把“双刃剑”,自然禀赋和政策支持对任一比较优势的影响均为正,但不显著。

The comprehensive comparative advantage index method is used to calculate the regional comparative advantage of potato cultivation in China, and the panel data of China′s provinces from 2011 to 2018 are used to carry out regression analysis on its influencing factors. The results showed that: The major potato producing provinces′ efficiency advantage index(EAI) in China was higher than 0.5, and the scale advantage index(SAI) of each province decreased generally. The average values of aggregated advantage index(AAI) in Qinghai, Gansu, and other provinces were all larger than 1. Production input and agricultural technology have a significant positive impact on the three comparative advantages. Planting conditions only have a significant positive impact on SAI and AAI. Economic level only has a significant positive impact on SAI, while planting scale is a ’double-edged sword’. Natural endowment and policy support have a positive impact on any comparative advantage, but not significant.