枢纽机场空侧港湾区运行优化研究

Airside Cul-de-sac Operational Optimization in Hub-airport

我国枢纽机场目前已广泛应用“主楼+多指廊”的航站楼构型,两指廊间的港湾区因空间资源紧张、航班流线交织等不可避免的矛盾,已经成为阻碍机场空侧高效运行的关键节点。本文在量化了“L”型、“U”型两类港湾的结构参数后,结合港湾区内航班的运行状态及其航班属性提出了机位相关因子,并在分类量化了相关因子的基础上运用动态编组方法建立了机场港湾区运行优化模型。而后,基于滑动时间窗与频谱分析两类方法设计了港湾区内机位间的动态编组方法。实例验证的结果表明改方法能够在保障运行安全的前提下有效降低航班在港湾区内的滑行时间,进而提高机场空侧运行效率。机场空侧港湾区优化模型的建立也有助于智慧机坪的运行体系的构建。

The terminal configuration of main building with multi-finger is widely used in China.Inevitable contradictions such as the shortage of space resources and the interweaving of flight guarantee streamlines between the two finger have become the key nodes hindering the efficient operation of the airport airside.After completing the related parameters of the cul-de-sac area,it is proposed to characterize the restriction relationship between two corresponding flights when they are running in the U-shaped area by the"gate correlation factor".After quantifying the structural parameters of the two types of“L”and“U”cul-de-sac,this paper puts forward the gate correlation factor combining with flight operation status and flight attributes in the cul-de-sac area.And then based of quantifying the relevant factors,an optimization model of airport cul-de-sac area operation is established according to the optimization strategy of dynamic grouping.Furthermore,based on the sliding optimization time window and spectrum analysis,the solution is designed to realize the dynamic grouping of parking spaces in the U-shaped area.The results of the instance verification show that the dynamic grouping method can effectively reduce the taxi time in the cul-de-sac area under the premise of ensuring the safety of operation,and then improve the operating efficiency of the airport airside.The realization of the culde-sac area optimization model will also help the establishment of the operating system of smart apron.