不同产地蒙古黄芪土壤元素和根际土壤真菌群落结构变化研究

Study on the Variation of Soil Elements and Fungal Community Structure in Rhizosphere Soil of Astragalus membranaceus from Different Growth Areas

目的分析陕西和山西仿野生栽培蒙古黄芪根际土壤真菌群落多样性和结构差异,研究两地土壤元素分布特征和对真菌群落结构的影响。方法采用高通量测序技术对两地2至6年生蒙古黄芪根际土壤中真菌群落进行测定。采用电极法、电感耦合等离子分析等方法测定土壤pH和20种元素含量。结果山西蒙古黄芪根区土中N、Na、Mg、P、Ti、Mn、Fe、Se、Mo、La、Ce、Cl元素含量高于陕西(P<0.05),Ca、B、Al、Sb元素含量低于陕西(P<0.05)。两地蒙古黄芪根际土壤真菌多样性随种植年限增加呈现下降趋势。子囊菌门、担子菌门和被孢菌门是真菌优势种群。不同产地同年生蒙古黄芪土壤真菌群落结构存在显著差异(P<0.05)。土壤pH和16种土壤元素影响真菌群落结构变化,其中,pH、B、Mo、Fe和Cl对真菌群落结构变化影响最大。结论陕西和山西蒙古黄芪土壤元素分布特征、变化趋势以及真菌群落多样性和结构均存在显著差异,为研究不同道地产区仿野生种植蒙古黄芪差异提供理论依据。

Objective To reveal the difference and diversity in rhizosphere soil fungal community composition of Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch.)Bge.var.mongholicus(Bge.)Hsiao from two different growing regions of Shaanxi and Shanxi,as well as the influence of the soil elements on fungal community compositions.Methods High-throughput sequencing technology was used to characterize the fungal community composition,richness,and diversity.Soil pH was measured using a pH meter and 20 soil element contents were determined by inductively coupled plasma(ICP)analysis.Results 12 soil elements contents of the samples from Shanxi were significantly higher than those of the samples from Shaanxi(P<0.05),and 4 soil elements contents of the samples from Shanxi were significantly lower than those of the samples from Shaanxi(P<0.05).The diversity of fungal community A.mongholicus soil was reduced with each growing year.Ascomycota,Basidiomycota and Mortierellomycota were dominant fungal phyla in A.mongholicus.rhizosphere soil.Compared fungal community in the same year-old A.mongholicus soil,there were significant structural differences in two growth areas.RDA analysis showed that soil pH and 16 soil elements significantly affected fungal community structure.Conclusion Under the bionic wild cultivation model,there are significant differences in soil properties and rhizosphere soil fungi in two growth areas,which provide a theoretical reference for revealing differentiation of microecological geography and quality effect.