試論謝靈運《佛影銘》的經典依據與聞法因緣——兼及佛教編輯經典“前文本”的典故意義

The Theoretical Basis and Exposure to Them of Xie Lingyun's Foyingming--and the Significance of Editorial Sutra's“Pre-text”

義熙八年,慧遠立佛影臺,次年撰《佛影銘》,謝靈運亦有同題之作。義熙十四年覺賢譯出六卷《泥洹經》,道生因説闡提成佛,後出四十卷《涅槃經》亦説闡提成佛,靈運銘文云“闡提獲自拔之路”,或謂所據即此説,但靈運撰文實在道生創説之前。事實上,銘文的經典依據爲六卷《泥洹經》“闡提”概念,般若經論、覺賢譯《觀佛三昧海經》等觀想經典關於觀想的内容。義熙九年,靈運與覺賢由荆州還建康,法顯南下向都,此即靈運關於“闡提”概念、《觀佛三昧海經》“前文本”的聞法因緣。

In the 8th year of Yixi,Huiyuan established Foyingtai.In the next year,Hui yuan wrote Foyingming,and Xie Lingyun wrote an article in the same name.In the 14th year of Yixi,Jue Xian translated six volumes of Nirvana Sutra.Daosheng proclaims that Ichantika could become a Buddha,and the later 40 volumes of Nirvana also said so.Foyingming said that Icchantika gets the way of saving himself,someone thought that the theoretical basis is Daosheng's statement.However,this article was written before the creation of Daosheng's statement.In fact,in the article,we can see the influence of six volumes of Nirvana,Prajna Sutras,The Sutra on the Ocean-Like Samadhi of the Visualization of the Buddha and other Visualization Sutras.In the 9th year of Yixi,Lingyun and Jue Xian returned from Jingzhou to Jiankang,Fa Xian also went south to the capital.This is the reason that Lingyun heard Icchantika of Nirvana and the“pre text”of GSHJ.