科学数据分析综论:情报学新视野

A Survey on Scientific Data Analysis:Renew Information Science

【目的/意义】随着大数据时代各类科学数据爆发式增长,科学数据分析的重要性日渐显现。情报学因其在信息分析上的专长,应当积极参与推动科学数据分析,使其成为情报学新的增长点。【方法/过程】综论科学数据分析大势,概析科学数据分析内涵与外延,为情报学前沿拓展提供参考。提出聚焦具体科学问题、通过数据分析方法实现知识发现的科学数据分析模式,建议以知识发现为中心发展和深化科学数据分析。【结果/结论】在重点关注天文和物理数据分析、生物和医药数据分析基础上,通过关键词共现实例揭示科学数据分析因主题领域不同而形成相对独立研究社群,为在不同主题领域深化科学数据分析提供新视角。同时提示关注科学数据分析向文科领域的扩张。【创新/局限】指出科学数据分析有望成为情报学新的增长点。

【Purpose/significance】With the explosive growth of all kinds of scientific data in the era of big data, the importance of scientific data analysis has become increasingly apparent. Because of its expertise in information analysis, information science should actively participate in the promotion of scientific data analysis, making it a new growth point of its own.【Method/process】Summarize the development trend of scientific data analysis, analyze the connotation and extension of scientific data analysis, and provide reference for the frontier expansion of information science. It is proposed that there is general pattern for scientific data analysis with focusing on specific scientific issues, and that there are methods by developing and deepening scientific data analysis centered on knowledge discovery.【Result/conclusion】It is strengthened that astronomical and physical data analysis as well as biological and medical data analysis have become important fields in scientific data analysis, and it is revealed that scientific data analysis forms a relatively independent research community due to different subject areas through the author’s keyword co-occurrence. It is suggested to have a new perspective for deepening scientific data analysis in different subject areas, while it is also suggested to pay attention to computational social science and digital humanities.【Innovation/limitation】It is pointed out that scientific data analysis is expected to become a new growth point for promoting information science.