枯草芽孢杆菌或凝结芽孢杆菌对肉兔生长性能、糖代谢及肠道菌群的影响

Effects of Bacillus subtilis or Bacillus coagulans on growth performance,glucose metabolism and intestinal microflora of rabbit

文章旨在研究日粮添加不同水平枯草芽孢杆菌或凝结芽孢杆菌对肉兔生长性能、糖代谢及肠道菌群的影响。试验选择体重相近、健康状况良好的35日龄肉兔210只,随机分为7组,每组5个重复,每个重复6只。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组分别在基础日粮中分别添加不同比例的枯草芽孢杆菌和凝结芽孢杆菌,具体添加水平为K1:0.2%枯草芽孢杆菌+日粮,K2:0.6%枯草芽孢杆菌+日粮,K3:1.0%枯草芽孢杆菌+基础日粮,N1:0.2%凝结芽孢杆菌+基础日粮,N2:0.6%凝结芽孢杆菌+基础日粮,N3:1.0%凝结芽孢杆菌+基础日粮。预试期7 d,正式试验30 d。结果表明,与对照组相比,日粮添加枯草芽孢杆菌或凝结芽孢杆菌均能显著增加肉兔平均日增重和平均日采食量(P<0.05),显著降低肉兔的料重比和腹泻率(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,日粮添加枯草芽孢杆菌或凝结芽孢杆菌均能显著增加肉兔肝糖原、肌糖原含量和血糖浓度(P<0.05),而胰岛素含量均无显著差异(P>0.05)。与对照组相比,日粮添加枯草芽孢杆菌或凝结芽孢杆菌均能显著降低肉兔体内大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌含量(P<0.05),显著增加乳酸菌含量(P<0.05)。结论:枯草芽孢杆菌与凝结芽孢杆菌均具备无毒无害和广泛抑菌的生物学特性,在肉兔日粮中添加枯草芽孢杆菌与凝结芽孢杆菌能提高肉兔生长性能,改善其肠道健康和糖代谢性能,饲料中单一添加凝结芽孢杆菌对肉兔生长性能与肠道健康的改善效果优于枯草芽孢杆菌,在本试验条件下,在肉兔日粮中以添加0.6%水平的枯草芽孢杆菌或凝结芽孢杆菌为宜。

The aim of this study was to compare the effects of adding different levels of Bacillus subtilis or Bacillus coagulans to the diet on the growth performance,glucose metabolism and intestinal microflora of meat rabbits.21035-day-old meat rabbits with similar weight and good health were selected and randomly divided into seven groups,with five replicates in each group and six replicates in each group.The control group was fed with the basic diet,and the test group was fed with different proportions of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus coagulans in the basic diet respectively.The specific addition levels were K1:0.2%Bacillus subtilis+diet,K2:0.6%Bacillus subtilis+diet,K3:1.0%Bacillus subtilis+basic diet,N1:0.2%Bacillus coagulans+basic diet,N2:0.6%Bacillus coagulans+basic diet,N3:1.0%Bacillus coagulans+basal diet.The pre-test period is 7 days and the formal test period is 30 days.[Results]Compared with the control group,adding Bacillus subtilis or Bacillus coagulans in the diet could significantly increase the average daily weight gain and average daily feed intake of meat rabbits(P<0.05),significantly reduce the feed weight ratio and diarrhea rate of meat rabbits(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the addition of Bacillus subtilis or Bacillus coagulans in the diet could significantly increase the liver glycogen,muscle glycogen content and blood glucose concentration of meat rabbits(P<0.05),while the insulin content had no significant difference(P>0.05).Compared with the control group,the addition of Bacillus subtilis or Bacillus coagulans in the diet could significantly reduce the content of Escherichia coli and Salmonella in the body of meat rabbits(P<0.05),significantly increase the content of lactic acid bacteria(P<0.05).Conclusion:Both Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus coagulans have non-toxic,harmless and extensive bacteriostatic biological characteristics.Adding Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus coagulans to the diet of meat rabbits can improve the growth performance,intestinal health and glucose metabolism performance of meat rabbits.It is advisable to add 0.6%of Bacillus subtilis or Bacillus coagulans in the diet of meat rabbits.