中国农村产业融合发展的区域差异与空间收敛性研究

Regional Differences and Spatial Convergence of Provincial Rural Industrial Integrated Development in China

首先构建农村产业融合发展的综合评价指标体系,采用主客观赋权法和TOPSIS法测度2008—2019年中国30个省份的农村产业融合发展水平,并分析了农村产业融合发展的空间网络关联特征;然后利用Dagum基尼系数及其分解方法考察农村产业融合发展水平的区域差异及其来源,构建空间杜宾模型考察农村产业融合发展的空间收敛现象。研究结果表明:中国农村产业融合发展水平整体较低,且具有明显的区域差异与空间关联特征,多数省份表现出了不同程度的增长趋势,但也有少数省份表现出明显的下降趋势。样本期内农村产业融合发展的相对差异总体上呈缩小趋势,各区域地区内、地区间差异都表现出不同程度的下降,超变密度差异和地区内相对差异是整体相对差异的主要来源。农村产业融合发展具有显著的空间正相关性,全国及各区域农村产业融合发展均呈现出明显的收敛态势,财政支农水平、城镇化、产业结构、农业保险深度、农村劳动力素质、农村交通条件等因素在农村产业融合发展收敛过程中发挥着显著的促进作用。

Rural industrial integrated development is an important measure in driving rural revitalization and agricultural modernization.Measure the level and study the regional differences and spatial convergence of provincial rural industrial integrated development will help to summarize the effectiveness of pilot program and provide evidence for the future policy formulation.Therefore,we first elucidated the theoretical connotation of the rural industrial integrated development and constructed its comprehensive evaluation index system from five dimensions including extension of agricultural industry chain,multifunctional expansion of agriculture,integration of agricultural services,farmers'income growth and employment,integration of urban and rural.Then,the subjective and objective weighting method and TOPSIS method were used to measure the level of the integrated development of rural industries in 30 provinces of China from 2008 to 2019,and the spatial network analysis method was used to analyze the spatial network correlation characteristics of the integrated development of rural industries.Lastly,the Dagum Gini coefficient and its decomposition method were used to investigate the regional differences and sources of the development level of rural industrial integration,and the spatial Dubin model was constructed to investigate the spatial convergence phenomenon of rural industrial integration.The results indicate that rural industrial integrated development level in China is still low,but rising in varying degrees in most provinces and declining in a few provinces.The rural industrial integrated development in China has significant regional difference and increasing spatial correlation feature.The overall relative differences of provincial rural industrial integrated development show a trend of reduction,and differences between regions and intra-regions declining in varying degrees,the super variable density difference and the intraregional relative differences are the main sources of relative differences.Rural industrial integrated development shows significant positive spatial correlation.All regions show a typical delta convergence trend,national and regional rural industrial integrated development also show an obvious beta convergence trend after considering some spatial factors,and the convergence velocity is speeded up from 2015.Fiscal support for agriculture,urbanization,industrial structure,agricultural insurance,traffic condition,education level of workforce and other socio-economic factors also play an important role in the development of rural industrial integrated.In the end,based on the above research conclusions,we suggest that adopt various measures to improve the level of rural industrial integrated development,accelerate the perfection of supporting policies and ensure the continuity and stability of these policies,create an enabling environment and public services for rural industrial integrated development.