论奥康纳“三位一体”概念对历史唯物主义重建的尝试——兼与哈贝马斯相比较

O'Connor's Trinity Concept's Attempt to Rebuild Historical Materialism——And Compared with Habermas

詹姆斯·奥康纳对生态学和马克思主义的关系有其独到的认识和创新之处,他认为把握马克思的“社会劳动”这一概念,不仅是实现生态学与马克思主义联姻的关键,也是其重建历史唯物主义的关键。通过“社会劳动”,奥康纳肯定了历史唯物主义中内含的生态学基因,也在继承马克思劳动理论的基础上以外在完善和补充的方式将文化和自然因素引入到历史唯物主义中,构建起“社会劳动、自然和文化”的三位一体理论,一定程度上实现了当代历史唯物主义的发展,对我们思考全球化时代下经济、生态问题有深刻的启示意义。

James O'Connor has a unique and innovative understanding of the relationship between ecology and Marxism,arguing that grasping Marx's concept of"social labor"is the key not only to the marriage of ecology and Marxism,but also to its reconstruction of historical materialism.Through"social labor",O'Connor affirms the ecological gene inherent in historical materialism and introduces cultural and natural factors into historical materialism in an external and complementary way,based on the inheritance of Marx's labor theory,building up a trinity of"social labor,nature and culture".The trinity of"social labor,nature and culture"is to a certain extent a development of contemporary historical materialism,which has profound enlightenment implications for our consideration of economic and ecological issues in the age of globalisation.