多维邻近下中国三大城市群创新网络演化特征及机制研究

Characteristics and mechanism of innovation networks in three major urban agglomerations of China from the perspective of multidimensional proximities

城市群作为国家参与全球竞争的主战场,具有引领中国创新发展的重要作用。基于社会网络分析和负二项模型等,对1995—2015年京津冀、长三角、珠三角城市群创新网络演化特征进行分析,深度剖析并对比差异成因。研究发现:(1)三大城市群创新联系网络日益紧密且逐渐稠密化,1995—2007年发展较快,2008年后速度放缓。长三角创新网络最稀疏但最具创新活力,珠三角份额最小但增速最快。(2)三大城市群节点地位等级差异明显,呈“金字塔”型结构。京津冀等级“断层”现象最显著,长三角和珠三角分别表现出均衡化和两极化趋势。(3)空间蔓延方面,京津冀呈现双核引领,倒“V”型蔓延态势,长三角表现为多核心引领,围绕主核心城市抱团状外延与围绕环杭州湾向南同时扩展的态势,珠三角基于成熟的一核三轴空间格局,向珠江口倒“V”型跳跃式蔓延。(4)影响因素方面,网络效应和城市双边属性是三大城市群创新合作的重要保障,多维邻近性则表现出典型的城市群异质性。

Urban agglomeration,as the main battlefield for countries to participate in global competition,plays an important role in leading China’s innovation and development.Based on social network analysis and negative binomial model,this paper analyzes overall characteristics,status characteristics and spatial spread characteristics of innovation networks in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei,Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta urban agglomerations from 1995 to 2015,and makes in-depth analysis and dynamic comparison of the causes of the differences.The study finds that:1)From the perspective of the overall characteristics of innovation network,innovation cooperation in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration,Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta became increasingly close,dense and networked from 1995 to 2015.Compared with The Beijing-TianjinHebei urban agglomeration and the Pearl River Delta,the Yangtze River Delta has the most sparse innovation network but the most innovative vitality.2)In terms of the status of innovation network,as the innovation connection breadth of the three urban agglomerations has been greatly improved,the depth of the connection has a large difference in the space-time evolution,resulting in a clear hierarchical difference in node status.On the whole,status hierarchy shows a typical"pyramid"structure.The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration showed the most significant"fault"phenomenon,while the Yangtze River Delta and pearl River Delta showed the trend of equalization and polarization respectively.3)From the perspective of spatial spread characteristics,the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration led by Beijing and Tianjin,shows an inverted"V"shape of sprawl to Shijiazhuang and Baoding in the southwest and Tangshan and Qinhuangdao.The Yangtze River Delta is led by"Shanghai,Nanjing and Hangzhou"with multiple cores,expanding outwards around the main core cities.The Pearl River Delta is relying on Guangzhou as the core,Guangzhou-Shenzhen,GuangzhouZhuhai and Guangzhou-Foshan as the three axes,inverted"V"type spread to the Pearl River Estuary.4)From the point of driving mechanism,network effects and city bilateral attributes can significantly influence the three urban agglomerations innovation linkage intensity.Multidimensional proximity effect on innovation of contact strength of present typical urban agglomerations heterogeneity,border only positive influence on the innovation of the Yangtze river delta cooperation,spatial distance attenuation effect have a negative effect only in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and Yangtze River Delta.The relationship between technological proximity and innovation cooperation in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and The Yangtze River Delta is inverted U-shaped,but positive Ushaped in the Pearl River Delta.The research results are of great significance to enrich the research results of urban network and strengthen the synergistic effect of urban innovation network.