航空发动机复合材料叶片先进制造技术研究进展

Research progress of advanced manufacturing technology for aero-engine composite blades

大规模采用复合材料叶片是目前航空工业实现航空发动机更高涵道比和减重的最有效途径。以复合材料航空发动机叶片的制造技术研究进展为主题,介绍了现阶段树脂基、金属基和陶瓷基复合材料航空发动机叶片的主流加工工艺;重点讨论了关键制造技术的发展现状和应用情况,包括树脂基复材叶片的预浸料/模压成型工艺和三维编织结/增强树脂传递模塑成型工艺、金属基复材叶片的模压成型、加压浇铸工艺和超塑成形/扩散连接工艺以及陶瓷基复合材料叶片的熔体渗透工艺;探讨了航空发动机复合材料叶片的发展趋势,并提出未来复合材料叶片关键制造技术的研究方向。

Large-scale adoption of composite blades is the most effective way to achieve ultra-high bypass ratio and low weight of aero-engine in the aerospace industry.The research progress in the manufacturing technology for resin matrix,metal matrix,and ceramic matrix composite blades is discussed in this paper.The development and application situation of the common processing technology and key manufacturing technology of aero-engine composite blades are reviewed in detail,including prepreg/molding process and three-dimensional braided/reinforced resin transfer molding process of resin matrix composite blades,molding process,pressure casting process and superplastic forming/diffusion bonding process of metal matrix composite blades,and melt infiltration process of ceramic matrix composite blades.Finally,the trend of aero-engine composite blades is discussed and the research direction to further develop key manufacturing technology of composite blades is summarized.