生态脆弱区农业多功能空间格局特征及驱动因素研究——以南疆三地州为例

Spatial Pattern and Its Driving Factors of Agricultural Multi-functions in Ecologically Fragile Areas——A Case Study on Three Prefectures in Southern Xinjiang

研究生态脆弱区的农业多功能对保护生态系统的完整性、实现农业可持续发展、推进农业现代化具有重要意义。文章以南疆三地州24个县域为评价单元,运用功能评价方法、探索性空间数据分析方法和地理探测器等方法,系统分析南疆三地州县域农业多功能空间格局特征和驱动因素。结果表明,南疆三地州县域农业多功能发展水平整体较低,县域之间差距较大,分功能协调发展有待加强;农业多功能空间分异特征明显,多功能空间分布呈现“单峰型”的核心边缘空间分布结构,分功能空间分布呈现不同的形态特征;农业多功能空间分异的驱动因素主要以自然资源禀赋和社会经济发展水平为主,其中自然资源条件和地区非农化发展水平是其主导因素。因此,坚持功能拓展、互联互通、科技赋能和因地制宜对于促进农业多功能深化发展的意义重大。

Studying the agricultural multi-functions in ecologically fragile areas is of great significance to protect the integrity of the ecosystem, achieve sustainable agricultural development, and promote agricultural modernization. Taking 24 counties in the three prefectures of southern Xinjiang as the evaluation samples, using functional evaluation methods, exploratory spatial data analysis methods and geographic detectors, etc., this paper systematically analyzed the characteristics and influencing factors of agricultural multifunctional spatial patterns in 2020. The results show that the overall level of agricultural multi-functions in the three prefectures of southern Xinjiang is low;the gap between counties is large;the coordinated development of sub-functions needs to be strengthened;and the spatial polarization is obvious. The spatial distribution of multi-functions presents a“single-peak”coreedge spatial structure;and the spatial distribution of sub-functions presents different morphological characteristics. The main driving factors for the spatial differentiation of agricultural multi-functions are natural resource endowments and regional economic development, among which natural resource conditions and regional non-agricultural development level are the dominant factors.Therefore, it is of great significance to promote the further development of agricultural multi-functions by adhering to functional expansion, connectivity, technology empowerment and adapting measures to local conditions.