新污染物治理面临的技术挑战与科技支撑建议

Technical Challenges and Technology Support Suggestions for the Control of New Pollutants

加强新污染物治理是贯彻落实习近平生态文明思想的重要举措,标志着我国生态环境保护工作向质量目标管理与风险防控并重转变。本文较为系统地剖析了我国新污染物治理面临的技术挑战,包括毒性数据缺失、危害测试与评估技术发展缓慢,环境暴露评估技术相对落后,新污染物环境监测基础能力明显不足,新污染物替代和风险管控技术发展滞后等方面;从科技支撑层面,提出了设立新污染物治理科技专项、集中突破关键技术瓶颈,整合现有资源、打造国家新污染物研究领域的科技战略力量,构建国家新污染物环境监测网络,加强新污染物治理工程试点示范和科技成果应用推广等建议,以期为我国的新污染物治理提供参考。

Strengthening the control of new pollutants is an important measure to implement Xi Jinping′s ecological civilization thought,and it marks the transformation of our country′s ecological and environmental protection work towards placing equal emphasis on quality objective management and risk prevention and control.This paper systematically analyzes the technical challenges of new pollutants control we are facing,including the lack of toxicity data,the slow development of hazard testing and identification methods,the backwardness of environmental exposure assessment tool,the shortcomings of new pollutants monitoring capabilities,and the development of new pollutant replacement and risk management and control technology lags behind,etc.In the aspect of scientific and technological support,it is proposed to set up a special science and technology project for new pollutants control,concentrate on breakthroughs in key technologies,integrate existing resources to create a national scientific and technological strategic force in the field of new pollutants study,build national new pollutants environmental monitoring network,strengthen pilot demonstration of new pollutants governance projects and the promotion of scientific and technological achievements,and other suggestions,which aims to provide references for the control of new pollutants in our country.