液晶单体的环境分布、环境风险和管理建议——基于文献分析

The Environmental Distribution,Risk and Management Suggestions of Liquid Crystal Monomer(LCM)∶Based on Literature Analysis

近年来,液晶单体(LCM)作为液晶显示器的关键材料,随着显示器的生产量不断提高,将会大量释放到环境中。LCM单独嵌入在液晶显示器中,种类繁多,不易与其他成分结合,潜在的污染特性引起了众多学者的广泛关注。文章系统阐述了LCM在各种环境介质中的分布情况、污染水平、生态毒性和人体健康风险等污染问题。结果表明:LCM在多种环境介质中广泛存在,在空气中的分布浓度最高,其次是水、环境沉积物和土壤环境;部分LCM具有持久性、生物累积性和毒性特征,可能会对生物造成急、慢性中毒;LCM可能通过粉尘食入、吸入和皮肤接触三种方式进入人体,成人和儿童每日总摄入量分别为4.42×10^(-2)ng/kg和2.69×10^(-1)ng/kg;同时在人体的血清中也检出了多种LCM的存在。最后,针对LCM的特点和污染现状,文章提出重视基础研究、增强监测评估、将LCM污染纳入环境影响评价体系等针对性的管理建议,为我国未来的LCM研究和管理提供思路。

In recent years,as a key material of Liquid Crystal Display(LCD),Liquid Crystal Monomer(LCM)will be released into the environment with the continuous improvement of display output.LCM is embedded in LCD alone,which is not easy to combine with other components and has a wide variety in LCD.Its potential pollution characteristics have attracted extensive attention from many scholars.The distribution in various environmental media,pollution level,ecotoxicity and human health risk of LCM were systematically discussed.The result showed that LCM is widely present in a variety of environmental media,with the highest distribution concentration in air,followed by water,environmental sediments and soil.Some LCMs have properties in relation to persistence,bioaccumulation and toxicity in the environment,and may cause acute or chronic poisoning to many organisms.LCM may enter the human body through dust ingestion,inhalation and skin contact,with total daily intakes of 4.42×10^(-2) ng∕kg and 2.69×10^(-1) ng∕kg for adults and children.At the same time,many kinds of LCM were detected in human serum.Finally,in view of the characteristics and pollution status of LCM,this paper puts forward targeted management suggestions,such as attaching importance to basic research,strengthening monitoring and assessment,and bringing LCM pollution into environmental impact assessment system,which can provide ideas for the future research and management of LCM in China.