常州市冬季PM_(2.5)中金属元素污染特征及健康风险评价

Pollution Characteristics and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in PM_(2.5)in Winter Changzhou

为了解常州冬季PM_(2.5)中重金属元素的污染特征及其对健康的影响,于2019年冬季采集PM_(2.5)样品61个,测定了不同元素的含量,评价了不同重金属元素的健康风险。采样期间,PM_(2.5)的平均质量浓度为64.51μg·m^(-3),31.2%的天数超过GB3095-2012中规定的二级浓度限值,说明常州存在一定的大气污染问题;痕量元素仅占所测元素的8.3%,其中,Mn、Zn、Pb和Cu对于成年男性、女性和儿童的非致癌风险均小于1,非致癌风险较低;Ni对于成年男性、女性和儿童不存在致癌风险;而Cr对于三者的致癌风险处于10^(-6)~10^(-4)之间,具有潜在致癌风险。

To explore the characteristics and impacts of heavy metal elements in winter PM_(2.5) in Changzhou,61 PM_(2.5) samples were collected from November to December,2019.Heavy metal elements were analyzed andthe health risk assessments of different heavy metal elements on different populations were investigated.During the sampling period,the average mass concentration of PM_(2.5) in Changzhou was 64.51μg·m^(-3),with 31.2%days exceeded the target-2 standard for 24 h average PM_(2.5) in GB 3095-2012,indicating that negative effects of air pollution in Changzhou.The concentrations of trace elements were low,accounting for 8.3%of all elements.The environmental health risk assessment model was used to evaluate the health risk of heavy metals in PM_(2.5),which showed that the non-carcinogenic risks of Mn,Zn,Pb and Cu for adult men,women and children were less than 1.The carcinogenic risks of Ni for adult men,women and children were less than 10-6,suggesting no carcinogenic risk on human beings.However,Cr for adult men,women and children s carcinogenic risks were between 10^(-6) and 10^(-4),suggesting potential carcinogenic risk on human beings.