新型热离子发电器件理论及其在能量转换器件中的应用

Theories of novel thermionic generators and their applications in energy conversion devices

首先基于电子能量的选择机制,介绍两类具有能量选择通道的热离子电流密度方程.以能量选择通道在热载流子太阳能电池中的应用为例,揭示如何利用能量选择通道实现高效的能量转换.其次,根据半导体电子发射的基本原理,给出光增热离子发射电流密度方程,以光增电子隧穿太阳能电池为例,阐述光增热离子实现太阳能的光热集成利用的新原理.最后,根据石墨烯中电子的能量色散关系,给出石墨烯表面发射电子流密度方程,进而分析基于石墨烯热离子效应的能量转换器件的热电性能.文中结合国内外的研究现状,系统地阐明如何评估基于三类新型热离子效应的器件的热力学特性,建立优化理论,指导设计高效的能量转换器件.

The first part in this paper introduces two types of equations for the thermionic current density with the energy selection contact(ESC),which are based on the mechanism of the selection of electron energy.The application of the ESC in hot carrier solar cells is exemplified to reveal how to use ESC to achieve the efficient energy conversion.Secondly,according to the basic principle of electron emission from semiconductors,the equation of the current density of photon-enhanced thermionic emission is given.With the aid of the photon-enhanced electron tunneling solar cell,the novel principle of the integration utilization of light and heat from solar energy by photon-enhanced thermionic emission is expounded.Finally,according to the energy dispersion relationship of electrons in graphene,the equation of the electronic flux density emitted from the surface of graphene is derived,and thermoelectric properties of energy conversion devices based on the thermionic effect of graphene are analyzed.By combining with the current research statuses domestically and abroad,this paper systematically illustrates how to evaluate these thermodynamic characteristics of devices based on three types of novel thermionic effects,establishes the optimization theory,and guides the design of efficient energy conversion devices.