5种人工鱼礁模型对翘嘴鲌幼鱼的诱集效果研究

The Trapping Effect of Five Artificial Reef Models on Juveniles of Culter alburnus

为研究正方通体礁(T1型)、三角通体礁(T2型)、正方箱式礁(X1型)、三角箱式礁(X2型)、正方体礁(F1型)5种不同构造的人工鱼礁对翘嘴鲌(Culter alburnus)幼鱼的诱集效果。使用室内模拟试验方法,观察了不同人工鱼礁模型对翘嘴鲌幼鱼行为以及分布的影响。结果表明:未放置人工鱼礁的对照组,翘嘴鲌幼鱼聚集分布在两侧;放置的5种人工鱼礁模型,对翘嘴鲌幼鱼均产生了一定的诱集效应,其中以可利用空间最为合适、便于通过,遮蔽效果最好的T2型人工鱼礁模型对翘嘴鲌幼鱼的诱集效应最佳;F1型、T1型人工鱼礁模型对翘嘴鲌幼鱼的诱集效应由于礁体模型的诱集有效空间、遮蔽效应的减少而下降;X1型、X2型人工鱼礁模型的箱式设计的诱集效果不如前3种鱼礁,但根据试验结果分析显示,5种人工鱼礁模型对翘嘴鲌幼鱼的诱集效果之间不存在显著性差异(P>0.05)。5种人工鱼礁模型对翘嘴鲌幼鱼诱集效果的差异可能是由礁体模型的不同结构设计和翘嘴鲌幼鱼的活动习性共同作用下产生的,T2型人工鱼礁模型可以推广使用。

In order to study the trapping effect on juveniles of Culter alburnus,five artificial reefs with different structures were adopted:square whole reef(T1 type),triangular whole reef(T2 type),square box reef(X1 type),triangular box reef(X2 type)and cube reef(F1 type).The effects of different artificial reef models on the behavior and distribution of juvenile Culter alburnus were observed through indoor simulation experiments.The test results showed that:in the control group without artificial reefs,the juveniles of Culter alburnus were clustered on both sides;the five artificial reef models placed all had a certain trapping effect on the juveniles of Culter alburnus.The T2 type artificial reef model with the most suitable available space,easy passage and the best covering effect had the best trapping effect on the juveniles of Culter alburnus.The trapping effect of F1 and T1 decreased with the weakening of the trapping space and the shielding effect of the reef model;and the trapping effects of the box design of X1 and X2 artificial reef models were not as good as that of the first three reef models.But according to the analysis of the test results,there was no significant difference in the trapping effect of the five artificial reef models on the juveniles of Culter alburnus(P>0.05).The differences of the trapping effects of the five artificial reef models on the juveniles of Culter alburnus may be caused by the combination of the structural differences of the reef models and the habits of the juvenile Culter alburnus.The T2 artificial reef model can be widely used.