美丽中国建设背景下中国居民旅游环境生活影响认知差异与精准施策研究

Research on the Differences in Chinese Residents'Perception of the Impact of Tourism Environment and Precise Strategies under the Background of the Construction of A Beautiful China

旅游业作为幸福产业之首,具有建设美丽中国、造福居民的天然优势,同时旅游业对居民环境生活具有十分重要的影响。通过对2014年、2016年和2019年三年间旅游发展对当地居民环境生活方面认知影响的差异分析,发现居民对旅游发展对当地居民环境生活影响在“充分发挥当地的人文资源功能”“当地的噪音状况得到有效控制”“当地的环境污染状况得到改善”等方面存在显著差异;在“当地的自然生态得到更好保护”“当地资源仍有很大的利用空间”“旅游业总体带来环境积极影响”等方面不存在显著差异;在旅游发展对中国居民生活总体发展影响的“旅游业给当地带来的影响是积极的”“旅游业对当地居民生活越来越重要”“旅游业社会总体效益大于总体成本”等方面存在显著性差异。需要从产品适当开发、严守生态红线、提高环境承载能力、合理规划旅游圈层、倡导大众环保教育、建立全民环保意识、实行旅游规范化、全民合作化、就地城镇化、全民参与化等方面进行精准施策。

Tourism,as the top of the happiness industry,has the natural advantage of building a beautiful China and benefiting the residents,while tourism has a very important impact on the environmental life of residents.Through the analysis of the differences in the cognition of tourism development on the environmental life of local residents in the three years of 2014,2016 and 2019,it is found that there are significant differences in residents'impact on the environmental life of local residents in terms of"giving full play to the function of local human resources","effectively controlling local noise conditions"and"improving local environmental pollution conditions".There are no significant differences in"local natural ecology is better protected","local resources stll have a lot of room for use","tourism generally brings positive environmental impact",etc.In terms of the overall impact of tourism development on the overall life of Chinese residents,there are significant differences in"the impact of tourism on the local area is positive","tourism is increasingly important to the lives of local residents",and"the overall social benefits of tourism are greater than the overall costs".It is necessary to implement precise policies from the appropriate development of products,strict adherence to ecological red lines,improvement of environmental carrying capacity,rational planning of tourism circles,advocacy of public environmental education,establishment of national environmental awareness,implementation of tourism standardization,national cooperation,local urbanization,and national participation.