陕西关中平原撂荒耕地空间分布格局

The spatial distribution pattern of abandoned farmland in Guanzhong Plain of Shaanxi

为有效解决陕西关中地区耕地撂荒问题,保障区域粮食安全,以横贯关中平原东西部的带状区域作为研究区,采用撂荒率、核密度分析、空间自相关分析等方法对研究区撂荒耕地空间分布格局进行研究。结果表明,研究区撂荒耕地以旱地为主,整体撂荒率不高,但撂荒率在持续上升;撂荒耕地主要分布在千阳县、陇县和凤翔县。撂荒耕地主要分布在核密度中高密度区和高密度区;高密度区和中高密度区主要分布在凤翔县东北部丘陵和千阳县北部山地区,中密度区主要分布在陇县、千阳县和凤翔县,中低密度区主要分布在陇县,低密度区在各县均有分布。研究区撂荒耕地存在空间集聚性,撂荒耕地冷点低集聚区主要分布在东部的大荔县、蒲城县和富平县,冷点较低集聚区分布在中部各县,热点较高集聚区主要分布在凤翔县,热点高集聚区主要分布在西部的陇县和千阳县。可通过大力开展国土综合整治,制定相关助农、利农政策,严格落实国家耕地保护政策等措施解决关中平原耕地撂荒问题。

In order to effectively solve the problem of farmland abandonment in Guanzhong Plain of Shaanxi,and ensure the food secu⁃rity,the zonal region across the west and east in Guanzhong Plain of Shaanxi was taken as the study area,the abandoned rate,the nu⁃clear density analysis,and spatial autocorrelation analysis were used to study the spatial distribution pattern of abandoned farmland.The results indicated that the abandoned farmland was mainly dry land.The overall abandonment rate was not high,but it continued to rise.The abandoned farmland was mainly distributed in Qianyang County,Long County and Fengxiang County.Most of the abandoned farmland was distributed in the medium-high and high nuclear density areas.The high nuclear density areas and the medium-high nu⁃clear density areas were mainly distributed in the hilly area of the northeast of Fengxiang County and the mountains of the north of Qianyang County.The medium nuclear density areas were mainly distributed in Long County,Qianyang County and Fengxiang County.The medium-low density areas were mainly distributed in Long County,and the low density areas were distributed in all counties.There was spatial agglomeration in the abandoned farmland.The low agglomeration areas of cold spots were mainly distributed in Dali County,Pucheng County and Fuping County in the east area.The relatively low agglomeration areas of cold spots were mainly distribut⁃ed in the middle area.The relatively high agglomeration areas of hot spots were mainly distributed in Fengxing County.The high ag⁃glomeration areas of hot spots were mainly distributed in Long County and Qianyang County in the west area.The problem of aban⁃doned farmland in Guanzhong Plain could be solved by vigorously carrying out comprehensive land improvement,formulating relevant policies to help and benefit farmers,and strictly implementing the national policy of cultivated land protection.