意思表示视阈下法定代表人越权担保效力认定

Determination of the Validity of the Legal Representative’s Ultra Vires Guarantee from the Perspective of Expressing Intention

公司法定代表人越权对外担保的效力认定,不论在学界抑或司法实务界,均存在较大争议,且时至今日尚未达成共识。商法是民法的特别法,尤其在《民法典》已经出台、民商合一体例已成定局的背景下,回归民法本源,从公司这一商事主体的意思表示出发分析其对外担保意思并据此判断担保合同的效力正当且合理。立足于公司意思表示,需拆解担保合同中公司方的意思形成和意思表达,结合意思表示瑕疵解释规则,重新认定对外担保的合同效力。

Whether in the academic circle or the judicial practice circle,there is a great dispute about the validity of the company’s legal representative’s ultra vires guarantee,and no consensus has been reached up to now.Commercial law is a special law of civil law,especially under the background that the Civil Code has been issued,the integration of civil and commercial form has become a foregone conclusion,return to the source of civil law,from the company,the commercial subject of the intention to analyze its foreign guarantee meaning and judge the validity of the guarantee contract.This paper will be based on the company’s expression of will,through dismantling the meaning formation and expression of the company in the guarantee contract,combined with the defect interpretation rules of meaning expression,re determine the contract effectiveness of external guarantee.