基于时机理论的照护模式对血液透析患者的影响

Effects of timing theory⁃based nursing mode on the patients with hemodialysis

目的探究基于时机理论的照护模式对血液透析患者的影响。方法选取2019年7月至10月在合肥市第一人民医院接受血液透析的45例患者作为对照组,实施常规护理干预,行常规定期随访。另选取2020年11月至2021年4月在同一医院接受血液透析的40例患者作为观察组,实施基于时机理论的照护模式干预。比较2组患者低血压发生率、血管通路失功率、心理韧性及负性情绪情况。结果观察组低血压发生率为1.49%,显著低于对照组的7.96%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组血管通路失功率为0,显著低于对照组的13.33%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组共发生1例并发症,总发生率为2.50%,显著低于对照组的7例并发症,总发生率15.56%,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。干预后,观察组的心理弹性量表(CD-RISC)评分为(89.08±5.64)分,显著高于对照组的(74.67±5.96)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组的焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑虑自评量表(SDS)评分分别为(22.98±4.91)分、(23.03±5.01)分,显著低于对照组的(46.62±9.36)分、(45.36±8.98)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于时机理论的照护模式能有效降低血液透析患者低血压发生率、血管通路失功率,增强其心理韧性,改善其负性情绪,值得临床推广。

Objective To investigate the effects of timing theory‐based nursing mode on the patients with hemodialysis.Methods A total of 45 patients who underwent hemodialysis in the hospital from July 2019 to October 2019 were selected as the control group,received conventional nursing intervention and had routine regular follow‐ups,while another 40 patients who underwent hemodialysis in the hospital from November 2020 to April 2021 were enrolled as the observation group and received timing theorybased nursing mode intervention.The rates of hypotension,vascular access loss,psychological resilience and negative emotions were compared between the two groups.Results The rate of hypotension in the observation group was just 1.49%,which was significantly lower than 7.96%in the control group with statistical significance(P<0.05).The vascular access loss rate in the observation group was 0,which was significantly lower than 13.33%in the control group with statistical significance(P<0.05).Just one case of complications occurred in the observation group,with a total rate of 2.50%,which was significantly lower than 7 cases in the control group,with a total rate of 15.56%with no statistical significance(P>0.05).After intervention,CD‐RISC scores in the observation group were(89.08±5.64),which were significantly higher than(74.67±5.96)in the control group with statistical significance(P<0.05).After intervention,the SAS and SDS scores in the observation group were respectively(22.98±4.91)and(23.03±5.01),which were significantly lower than(46.62±9.36)and(45.36±8.98)in the control group,also with statistical significance(P<0.05).Conclusion The effects of timing theory‐based nursing mode on timing theory could effectively reduce the rates of hypotension,vascular access loss,enhance the psychological resilience,and improve negative emotions of the patients with hemodialysis.For this reason,it is worth further clinical promotion.