近眼显示光学系统技术分析与研究进展

Technical analysis and research progress of near-eye display optical systems

目前VR/AR(虚拟现实/增强现实)显示技术深受市场欢迎,应用十分广泛,国内外各类近眼显示设备也深受消费者的青睐,各类近眼显示设备成像原理和采用的光学元件各有不同。本文对当下各种近眼显示成像技术进行了概括和分类,介绍了目前比较常见的几类近眼显示光学系统。针对双目视差显示系统、视网膜成像显示系统、集成成像近眼显示系统和全息技术近眼显示系统进行了介绍,深入剖析了几种典型近眼显示系统的技术原理和光路结构。提出了一种双目视网膜投影成像三维(3D)显示装置,将双目视差技术与视网膜投影技术相结合,实现了结构紧凑、无辐辏聚焦冲突、高清晰度的视网膜投影成像立体显示效果。对各类近眼显示技术的发展、更新以及各自技术的特点和研究进展进行了归纳总结,对近眼显示技术的发展方向进行了展望。

At present,VR/AR(virtual reality/augmented reality)display technology has been widely used in the market,and all kinds of near-eye display devices at home and abroad are well received by consumers.Various types of near-eye display devices have different imaging principles and optical elements.In this paper,various near-eye display imaging technologies were summarized and classified,and several common optical systems of near-eye display are introduced.The binocular parallax-type display system,retinal display system,integral imaging near-eye display system and holographic near-eye display system were illustrated in detail,and their technical principles and optical path structures were analyzed respectively.Then,we proposed a binocular retinal projection imaging three-dimensional(3D)device,which combines binocular parallax technology with retinal projection technology together to realize the stereoscopic display effect with compact structure and high definition,without convergence focusing conflict.The development and update of all kinds of near-eye display technologies,as well as the characteristics and application prospect of each technology were analyzed.