“百姓日用即道”对明清手工业及现代设计之影响探微

Effects of"the Truth is in the Daily Use of Common People"on Handicraft in the Ming and Qing Dynasties and Design in the Modern Times

通过分析王艮提出的“百姓日用即道”思想的深层含义及延伸发展,总结其对明清手工业及现代中国设计之影响,探究中国传统设计思维方式的两面性,找寻其当代价值与归宿。结合明清文人著述与手工业成果,探析彼时设计思想的创新性与观察造物更新的前瞻性。从造物文化积累的角度反思“百姓日用”的保守性特质,运用当下富有代表性设计案例分析“良知天性”的当代价值归属。“百姓日用”曾一度促使明末造物工艺的空前繁荣,但其思想内在的保守性因应了故步自封的传统造物与管理模式,致使中国早期工业化停滞不前。其深层次的理念“良知天性”对当代设计找寻造物与生活的融合、机械与手艺的共生具有启发意义。

By analyzing the deep meaning and extended development of Wang Gen's thought that"the truth is in the daily use of common people",its influences on handicraft in the Ming and Qing Dynasties and design in modern China were summarized,the duality of the traditional design thinking mode in China was explored to seek its contemporary value and end-result.Combining the writings of literati and achievement of handicraft in the Ming and Qing Dynasties,the innovation of design thought at that time and the foresight of observing the renewal of creation were explored.From the perspective of the accumulation of creation culture,the conservative characteristics of"daily use of common people"were reflected and the contemporary value attribution of"conscience nature"was analyzed through representative design cases at present."Daily use of common people"once promoted the unprecedented prosperity of creation craft in the late Ming Dynasty,but its inherent conservatism responded to the traditional mode of creation and management led to the stagnation of early industrialization in China.Its deep-seated concept"conscience nature"is instructive for contemporary design to find the integration of creation and life,and the coexistence of machinery and craft.