开放获取S计划合规路径中的学术自由问题研究

Research on Academic Freedom Issues in the Compliance Path of Plan S

学界处理欧洲S计划和拉丁美洲开放获取关系的不同方式显示了S计划引发的学术自由争议。通过将证词、解释和市场正义作为学术自由的价值基础,可采用数理方式分析S计划对欧洲和欠发达地区学术自由的不同影响。尽管量化分析存在同质化处理各类非正义现象等问题,但可得出如下有益参考:S计划执行之初,证词、解释非正义程度与学术自由下降程度呈反比,这可以解释我国对S计划的温和态度;S计划全面执行后,需要通过其他开放模式多维度转变认知非正义问题,以保证学术自由持续提高;地区间数字鸿沟会逐渐增大,维持了既有科学生产的政治经济结构;需要加快促进重要期刊开放获取,以保障学术自由高质量提高等。但是,S计划依然为开放获取提供了一种符合当前学术语境的温和过渡样式。在加入S计划方面,我国需持审慎态度,探索新型开放获取模式,同时在推动认知正义、减弱西方资本主导下科学交流系统的权力地位、减小数字鸿沟等方面可做出积极贡献。

The different ways in which academics have approached the relationship between the Plan S in Europe and open access in Latin America reveal the controversy over academic freedom triggered by Plan S.Taking testimonial,hermeneutical and marketable justice as the value basis of academic freedom,the different impacts of Plan S on academic freedom in Europe and less developed regions can be analyzed in a mathematical way.Although there are problems such as homogenization treatment of all kinds of injustice in quantitative analysis,the following useful references can be drawn:At the beginning of the implementation of Plan S,the degree of testimonial and hermeneutical mjustice is inversely proportional to the decline of academic freedom,which explains our moderate attitude towards Plan S.After the full implementation of Plan S,it is necessary to transform the problem of cognitive mjustice in multiple dimensions through other opening modes to ensure the continuous improvement of academic freedom.The digital divide between the two regions will gradually increase and the existing political and economic structure of scientific production will be maintained.Accelerating the promotion of open access of important journals can ensure academic freedom and its quality improvement.However,the Plan S still provides a moderate transition mode for open access in line with the current academic context.China needs to be cautious in joining Plan S,explore a new open access mode,and make positive contributions to promoting cognitive justice,weakening the power status of the scientific exchange system dominated by Western capital,and reducing the digital divide.