两种水稻种子处理悬浮剂对旱直播水稻生长的影响

Effect of two rice seed treatment suspensions on the growth of rice in dry land cultivation

为了探究水稻种子处理悬浮剂(FS)对旱直播水稻生长的影响,本研究采用11%的氟唑环菌胺·咯菌腈·精甲霜灵FS和18%的噻虫胺FS对三系籼型杂交稻广8优1973进行包衣,通过标准发芽试验、Q2测定、田间农艺性状调查、考种及测产,比较研究了两种FS在旱直播条件下对种子活力、水稻田间农艺性状及产量的影响。结果表明:在实验室条件下,采用11%氟唑环菌胺·咯菌腈·精甲霜灵FS和18%噻虫胺FS以药浆体积与种子质量比(药种比)为1:50的比例(即1 mL药剂处理50 g种子)将药剂稀释后进行拌种,处理后的标准发芽势、发芽率及萌发启动时间(IMT)均与对照无显著差异,但其理论萌发时间(RGT)相较于空白对照(CK)显著缩短,且氧气消耗速率(OMR)相较于CK每小时分别提高了1.33%和1.38%,呈显著性差异,说明经过FS处理的种子可以促进水稻种子呼吸,能够有效提升水稻种子活力,其中经过18%噻虫胺FS处理的水稻种子IMT、RGT及OMR值的表现均优于11%氟唑环菌胺·咯菌腈·精甲霜灵FS处理;在旱直播条件下,水稻种子按药种比1:50经过两种FS处理后,其田间表现均优于CK,其中:成秧率提升27.60%~33.20%,80 d时水稻基蘖数每公顷增加71.14~97.82万个,株高增高4.90~6.80 cm,千粒重增加7.27%~9.09%,有效穗数每公顷增加9.45~13.42万穗,单位面积产量分别提高了529.85 kg/hm^(2)和580.70 kg/hm^(2),且均具有显著性差异。本研究结果表明:采用11%氟唑环菌胺•咯菌腈•精甲霜灵FS和18%噻虫胺FS按药种比1:50对水稻种子进行包衣能够有效促进水稻种子呼吸,提升旱直播水稻在田间的表现和产量。

In order to explore the effect of rice seed treatment suspension(FS)on the growth of rice in dry land cultivation.In this paper,two seed treatment suspensions,i.e.,sedaxane+pylocyanonitrile+metalaxyl 11%FS and clothianidin 18%FS were selected to treat rice seed(guang8you 1973).The effect of FS was assessed by standard germination,Q2 test,agronomic traits and yield.The results showed that:under laboratory conditions,germination vigor,germination percentage and increased metabolism time(IMT)of two FS with the 1:50 treatment(1 mL of agent is required to process 50 g of seeds,referred to as the ratio of FS to seed)had no significant effect on these parameter compare with the blank control under laboratory condition.However,the FS with the 1:50 treatment showed a shorter relative germination time(RGT),a higher starting metabolism rate(SMR),and the oxygen metabolism rate(OMR)was significantly higher than that of the blank control by 1.33% and 1.38% per hour,respectively.This results indicate that FS can improve seed respiration and seed vigor.The comparison between the two FS indicate that the clothianidin 18% FS had a better effect on seed vigor than the sedaxane+pylocyanonitrile+metalaxyl 11%FS under the field condition.The field performance was better than that of the blank control,among which the seedling rate of seed coatingagent treatment increased by 27.60%-33.20% compared with CK,the number of tillers increased by 71.14-97.82 per hectare,the plant height increased by 4.90-6.80 cm,the thousand-grain weight increased by 7.27%-9.09%,the effective panicle increased by 9.45-13.42 million panicles per hectare,and the actual yield increased by 529.85 kg/hm^(2) and 580.70 kg/hm^(2),and there were significant differences between them.The results showed that:coating rice seeds with sedaxane+pylocyanonitrile+metalaxyl 11% FS and clothianidin 18% FS at a seed ratio of 1:50 can effectively promote rice seed respiration,improve the performance and yield in dry land cultivation.