摘要
叶菜上农药原始沉积行为受作物形态、农药种类及其剂型、施用方式等多种因素的影响,是评估农药残留的重要指标。以吡虫啉和啶虫脒为目标农药,以菠菜和生菜作为靶标作物,通过农药施用后的原始沉积行为,以及兑水量、叶面积指数和农药剂型对农药沉积的影响,初步揭示了农药原始沉积规律。结果表明:施药后0.5~8 h内其沉积量无显著差异,综合考虑,选择施药后2 h时测定其原始沉积量;两种农药在菠菜和生菜中主要沉积在叶片表面,沉积量占比均在87%以上,在根和土壤中的沉积量较少;农药施药剂量相同而兑水量不同,则原始沉积量存在显著差异,随着兑水量的增加,沉积量逐渐减少;菠菜和生菜中农药沉积量与叶面积指数呈负相关;原始沉积量与剂型也有相关性,在施药剂量相同时,吡虫啉在菠菜、生菜中原始沉积量最高均为可湿性粉剂,沉积量分别为0.66和0.77 mg/kg;啶虫脒在菠菜中原始沉积量最高为乳油和可湿性粉剂,沉积量均为0.65 mg/kg,生菜中原始沉积量最高为可湿性粉剂,沉积量为0.37 mg/kg。研究结果认为,农药剂型、兑水量和叶面积指数均会影响叶菜表面农药原始沉积量,该结果可为叶菜中农药合理安全施用和农药残留管控提供理论支持。
The original deposition behavior of pesticides on leafy vegetables is an important index to evaluate pesticide residues,which is affected by crop morphology,pesticide and formulation type,application method and so on.Taking imidacloprid and acetamiprid as the target pesticides and spinach and lettuce as the target crops,the original deposition behavior of pesticides after application,as well as the effects of water content,leaf area index and pesticide formulation type on pesticide deposition were studied to reveal the original deposition law of pesticides on leafy vegetables.The results showed that there were no significant difference in the deposition amount of two pesticides within 0.5-8 h after application.In a comprehensive consideration,the original deposition amount was determined at 2 h after the application of the pesticides.The results showed that imidacloprid and acetamiprid were mainly deposited on the leaves of spinach and lettuce,accounting for more than 87%of total,and was much less in the root and soil.The original deposition amount of the two pesticides on spinach and lettuce had significant difference with different water dosages(at the same pesticide dosages).The original deposition amount of the two pesticides decreased gradually with the increase of water dosage.The deposition amount of two pesticides on spinach and lettuce were negatively correlated with leaf area index.The type of formulation of pesticides was also related to the original deposition amount.At the same pesticide dosage,imidacloprid in wettable powder had the highest original deposition in spinach and lettuce,with the deposition amounts of 0.66 and 0.77 mg/kg,respectively.The highest original deposition amount of acetamiprid in spinach was emulsifiable concentrate and wettable powder,with a deposition amount of 0.65 mg/kg.The highest original deposition amount of acetamiprid in lettuce was wettable powder,with a deposition amount of 0.37 mg/kg.The results indicated that the original deposition amount of pesticides on the surface of leafy vegetables was related to the types of pesticide formulation,water dosage and leaf area index.The finding could provide theoretical support for the rational and safe application of pesticides and the control of pesticide residues in leafy vegetables.
作者
杜鹏辉
饶钦雄
王献礼
张其才
邓忠声
李华玺
宋卫国
DU Penghui;RAO Qinxiong;WANG Xianli;ZHANG Qicai;DENG Zhongsheng;LI Huaxi;SONG Weiguo(College of Food Science and Technology,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agricultural Products,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shanghai 201403,China)
出处
《农药学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第2期406-413,共8页
Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YPD0200204-3).
关键词
吡虫啉
啶虫脒
叶菜
残留
原始沉积
影响因素
imidacloprid
acetamiprid
leafy vegetables
residue
original deposition
influence factors