农村职业教育在地化发展困境与实现路径

The Predicament and Realization Path of Rural Vocational Education in Place-based Development

随着城市化工业化的推进,过量的乡土社会居民向城市迁徙,从而引发农民减少、农业撂荒以及农村衰败等多种问题。由此,近年来国家提出乡村振兴战略。乡村振兴的关键在于适合乡土社会生活的人力资源的开发与使用。农村职业教育的办学定位便是面向“三农”,其宗旨是服务乡土社会的发展。然而农村职业教育存在办学理念相对滞后,学生认同感薄弱,教师发展与乡土文化疏离,学校脱嵌乡村生产、生活、生态等问题。在地化发展完美地契合了乡村振兴战略的人才需求以及农村职业教育的角色定位。基于此,农村职业教育在地化发展需秉持在地化教育理念,铸农村职业教育之魂;开展在地化实践,强学生文化认同之根;基于在地化教学,筑教师发展之基;依托在地化资源,固学校自我建设之本。

With the advance of urbanization and industrialization,excessive rural residents migrate to cities,resulting in the reduction of peasants,agricultural abandonment,rural decline and other problems.Therefore,in recent years,the country put forward the rural revitalization strategy.The key to rural revitalization lies in the development and use of human resources suitable for rural social life.The orientation of rural vocational education is oriented to“agriculture,rural areas and peasants”,and its purpose is to serve the development of rural society.However,The rural vocational education is faced with some problems,such as the lag of schoolrunning concept,the weak sense of identity of students,the alienation of teachers’development from local culture,and the alienation of schools from rural production,life and ecology.The place-based development perfectly conforms to the talent demand of the rural revitalization strategy and the role positioning of rural vocational education.Based on this,the place-based development of rural vocational education should uphold the concept of place-based educationas its core,carry out place-based practice to strengthen students’cultural identity,build the foundation of teacher development and consolidate the foundation of school self-construction.