5-6岁幼儿无字图画书阅读特点的眼动研究

Eye Movement Study on 5 to 6 Years Old Children’s Reading Characteristics of Wordless Picture Book

本研究采用眼动实验法从图像元素与故事元素两个维度考察5-6岁幼儿无字图画书的阅读特点。研究结果表明:幼儿很难关注到图像中具有独立意义的基本元素;幼儿对远景图的阅读多关注背景区域,易忽视画面边缘区域的景物;幼儿能关注到中景、近景、特写图中拟突显的信息;幼儿对分割小图的阅读受分割小图数量的影响;幼儿对主角的关注度较高,且不被主角所处位置影响;幼儿对发展、高潮情节的关注高于开端、结局情节;背景元素中幼儿对地点元素的关注高于时间元素。

This study adopted eye-movement method to explore the 5 to 6 years old children’s reading characteristics of the wordless picture book from the aspects of image elements and story elements.The research shows that children pay little attention to the basic elements of the image.When children read the long shot scenes,they pay attention to the background area,but relatively neglect the edge scenery.Children are able to pay their attention to the content that the illustrator intend to highlight in the middle shot,close shot,and close-up scenes.The number of segmented pictures affects children’s reading.The more the segmented sketches small images,the lower the correct rate.Children pay closer attention to the protagonist than supporting characters regardless of the protagonist's position or size.Children pay more attention to the development and climax plots than to the beginning and ending plots.In the background element,children tend to pay more attention to the place elements than the time elements.