细菌生物膜抵抗消毒剂的研究进展

Research progress on the resistance of bacterial biofilms to disinfectants

细菌生物膜(biofilm)是一种被自身细胞外基质包裹在内的细菌群落。生物膜可增加细菌对传统消毒剂的抗性,是导致院内患者反复感染、威胁食品工业安全的主要原因之一,对公共卫生健康造成了严重影响。尽管现有研究对细菌生物膜介导的消毒剂抗性进行了大量报道,但研究的系统性和深度仍有待加强。为此,本文将细菌生物膜通过限制消毒剂扩散、细菌适应性调节、群体感应等方式对消毒剂产生抗性的机制进行综述,并总结概括了目前较有应用前景的生物膜消除策略,以期为后续深入研究及策略设计提供思路。

Bacterial biofilm is a micro-community of bacteria surrounded by their own extracellular polymeric substrates(EPS).Biofilm can increase the resistance/tolerance of bacteria to traditional disinfectants,and is one of the main reasons that cause recurring infections of hospital patients and threaten the safety of the food industry,thus causing serious impacts on public health.Although existing studies have reported a large number of bacterial biofilmmediated resistance/tolerance to disinfectants,the scope and the depth of research still need to be strengthened.To this end,this article reviews the mechanisms by which bacterial biofilms resist/tolerate disinfectants by restricting the diffusion of disinfectants,adaptive adjustment of bacteria,quorum sensing,etc.,and summarizes some promising strategies currently under exploration for biofilm elimination,with the hope to provide guidance for follow-up,indepth research and strategic designs.