施肥量对不同种源栓皮栎苗木质量的影响

Effects of Fertilization Dosage on Seedling Quality of Different Provenances Quercus variabilis

以北京海淀西山林场(BH)、陕西西安小王涧林场(SX)、山西运城中条山林场(SY)和河南栾川老君山(HL)4个种源地栓皮栎种子为试验材料,设5个控释肥水平,测定种子和幼苗的形态、养分贮存及非结构性碳水化合物水平,分析不同种源间栓皮栎幼苗的生长和养分需求差异。结果表明:种源与施肥量间无交互作用。种源地BH和HL种子较大(千粒质量分别为4463 g和5185 g),钾质量分数较高,幼苗苗木质量高,SY和SX种子较小,钾质量分数低,幼苗较小,种子大小和钾质量分数是造成种源间苗木质量差异的因素。当施肥量为0.24 g/L时,幼苗较小,处于养分匮乏状态,随施肥量的增加,苗木的苗高、地径,整株氮、钾及淀粉贮存显著上升,分别提高了11.9%~19.4%、21.1%~27.4%、40.9%~118%、27.9%~49.5%和9.4%~28.8%,施肥量为5.71 g/L时生长和养分贮存达到最高。

To investigate the difference in seedling growth and nutrient demands of Quercus variabilis seeds from different provenances,Q.variabilis seeds from 4 different provenances were cultivated with 5 fertilization levels.Morphology,mineral nutrients and non-structural carbohydrates of seeds and seedlings were measured.Four provenances were Xishan Forest Farm in Haidian County,Beijing City(BH),Xiaowangjian Forest Farm in Xi`an City,Shaanxi Province(SX),Zhongtiaoshan Forest Farm in Yuncheng City,Shanxi Province(SY)and Laojunshan in Luanchuan County,Henan Province(HL).The result showed that there was not significantly interactive effect between provenance and fertilization.Seeds from BH and HL were larger and had more K concentration,as indicated by thousand seed weight were 4463 g and 5185 g.Consequently,seedling quality of both seed province performed better.However,seeds from SY and SX were smaller and less K concentration,consistent with inferior seedling growth and nutrient storage.Seed size and K concentration were important parameters to assess seed quality.Fertilization with 0.24 g/L was deficient for seedling performance,as indicated by small size and poor nutrient status.Fertilization increased seedling height,diameter,N,P and starch storage of total seedling by 11.9%–19.4%,21.1%–27.4%,40.9%–118%,27.9%–49.5%and 9.4%–28.8%,respectively.Seedling had the greatest growth and nutrient storage when fertilization dosage at 5.71 g/L.