低能耗无线传感器网络在城市轨道交通健康监测中的应用

Application of low energy consumption wireless sensor network in urban rail transit health monitoring

城市轨道交通建设的不断加快使得其安全运行变得越来越重要,而无线传感器网络的广泛应用为这一目的的实现提供了基础技术支持。针对城市轨道交通的健康监测问题,提出了一种粒子群优化与最大期望相结合的路由算法,即EM-PSO路由算法,其通过搜索最优簇头来降低能量消耗,并由此建立了基于低能耗无线传感器网络的轨道交通健康监测系统。实验结果表明,所提出的EM-PSO路由算法在PSO算法结束运行时,节点存活数仍然有80个,节点死亡速度更慢;在节点总剩余能量的比较中,该算法在网络轮数为600时,总剩余能量接近20 J,优于PSO算法;实际测试中,EM-PSO算法的存活节点数能够稳定在150个以上,具有更高的能耗均衡能力,为城市轨道交通的健康监测提供了参考路径。

The rapid construction of urban rail transit makes its safe operation more and more important, and the wide application of wireless sensor networks provides basic technical support for this purpose. Aiming at the health monitoring problem of urban rail transit, a routing algorithm is proposed combining particle swarm optimization and maximum expectation, namely EM-PSO routing algorithm, which reduces the energy consumption by searching the optimal cluster head, and thus establishes a rail transit health monitoring system based on low energy wireless sensor network. The experimental results show that the proposed EM-PSO routing algorithm still has 80 nodes alive when PSO algorithm ends running, and the node death rate is slower;In the comparison of the total residual energy of nodes, when the number of network rounds is 600, the total residual energy of the algorithm is close to 20J, which is better than the PSO algorithm;In the actual test, the number of surviving nodes of EM-PSO algorithm can be stabilized at more than 150, which has a higher energy consumption balance capability, and provides a reference path for the health monitoring of urban rail transit.