铝合金薄板零件的典型数控加工工艺方案

Typical CNC Machining Process Scheme of Aluminum Alloy Sheet Parts

针对航空航天和军工产品制造中常用铝合金薄板加工各类基板、盖板、底板等零件时材料去除率高且加工变形严重,需要在铣削加工过程中保证薄板零件尺寸精度和形状精度、减少薄板铣削后变形的问题,制定了数控加工工艺方案。分别通过对制造过程中零件的装夹方式、铣削方法、去应力方法等采取措施,以减少铝合金薄板加工产生的铣削应力、装夹应力和材料弹性变形应力等影响零件的变形因素,并经过多种加工工艺的对比、筛选和改进,解决了铝合金薄板零件加工变形问题,形成了一套满足铝合金薄板加工整体系统化的装夹、定位和铣削的典型数控加工工艺方案。

In the manufacture of aerospace and military products,aluminum alloy sheet is commonly used to process all kinds of substrate,cover plate,bottom plate and other parts.During machining,the material removal rate is high and the deformation is serious,so it is necessary to ensure the dimensional accuracy and shape accuracy of sheet parts in the process of milling and reduce the deformation after milling.In view of this situation,the NC machining process plan is made.In order to reduce the deformation factors such as milling stress,clamping stress and material elastic deformation stress caused by aluminum alloy sheet machining,some measures are taken for the clamping mode,milling method and stress relief method of the parts in the manufacturing process.Through the comparison,screening and improvement of various processing processes,the problem of machining deformation of aluminum alloy sheet parts is solved,and a set of typical NC machining process scheme which meets the overall systematic clamping,positioning and milling of aluminum alloy sheet has been formed.